Poly(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine), Poly(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine)crosslinked with divinylbenzene

Poly (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine) and poly (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine) crosslinked with divinylbenzene have applications in many fields.
In the field of catalysis, its pyridine structure can provide electron pairs, which can be used as ligands to complex with metal ions to construct high-efficiency metal complex catalysts. In organic synthesis reactions, such as hydrogenation reactions and oxidation reactions, it exhibits good catalytic activity and selectivity, which can help the reaction proceed efficiently and directionally.
The field of adsorption and separation is also an important application. The polymer has the ability to adsorb specific substances and can be used to separate and enrich the target components in the mixture. For example, in environmental water sample treatment, it can selectively adsorb certain heavy metal ions or organic pollutants to achieve water purification and composition analysis. Its cross-linking structure can regulate the pore size and specific surface area, and improve the adsorption performance and stability.
In terms of material modification, introducing it into polymer materials can give new properties to materials. If added to plastics, pyridine groups form hydrogen or ionic bonds with other substances, enhancing the mechanical properties, thermal stability and chemical corrosion resistance of plastics, and expanding the application range of materials.
In the field of ion exchange, ion exchange resins can be prepared by functionalizing polymers. It can exchange with ions in solution, and is used for water softening, desalination, and recovery of valuable metal ions in industrial wastewater. It plays a significant role in chemical production and environmental protection.

Poly (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine polymers crosslinked with divinylbenzene have different physical properties.
This polymer has certain thermal stability due to the presence of specific groups. 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine polymer itself, the interaction between molecular chains allows it to maintain a solid state within a certain temperature range. Its glass transition temperature may be in a specific range due to the regularity of molecular chains and the influence of groups. At this temperature, the polymer is glassy, hard and brittle; above this temperature, it gradually becomes flexible.
After cross-linking with divinylbenzene, a three-dimensional network structure is formed. This cross-linked structure greatly enhances the mechanical strength of the material, making it tougher and less prone to deformation. And because cross-linking restricts the movement of molecular chains, the thermal stability is further improved, and the decomposition temperature is increased. At the same time, the swelling behavior of the cross-linked polymer to some solvents is different from that of the uncrosslinked one, because its network structure hinders the entry of solvent molecules, and the degree of swelling may be limited or even insoluble. In terms of adsorption performance, due to the existence of pyridine ring, it has a certain adsorption capacity for specific ions or molecules, and the crosslinking structure may affect the accessibility of adsorption check point and adsorption capacity.

The chemical stability of poly (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine polymers crosslinked with divinylbenzene is related to many aspects.
First, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine polymers are discussed. Because of its molecules, tert-butyl has a large steric resistance, which can form an effective shield for pyridine rings. This steric barrier effect acts as a solid barrier, making it difficult for external chemical reagents to approach the pyridine ring, thus endowing the polymer with certain chemical stability. For example, in general organic chemical reaction environments, many electrophilic or nucleophilic reagents are difficult to react with the pyridine ring due to the obstruction of tert-butyl, so the polymer can remain relatively stable in common organic solvents.
Looking at the 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine polymer cross-linked with divinylbenzene. The cross-linking structure is the key, and divinylbenzene builds a three-dimensional network structure in it. This cross-linking network greatly enhances the overall mechanical strength and chemical stability of the polymer. It is like building a solid bridge that makes the polymer molecules more closely connected to each other. In a chemical environment, the cross-linked structure restricts the movement of molecular segments, and external chemicals need to overcome higher energy barriers if they want to destroy the polymer structure. Even in a more harsh chemical environment, such as a strong acid-base system, the cross-linked polymer structure can remain relatively stable and is not prone to degradation or depolymerization reactions, demonstrating excellent chemical stability.

The key steps in the preparation of poly (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine) and poly (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine) cross-linked with divinylbenzene are as follows:
First, the preparation of monomers. The preparation of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine monomer is quite important. This monomer is usually obtained through pyridine derivatives through multiple organic synthesis reactions. If a suitable pyridine compound is used as a starting material, by introducing groups such as tert-butyl and vinyl, it is necessary to carefully control the reaction conditions, such as temperature, the proportion of reactants, and the use of catalysts, in order to improve the purity and yield of the monomer.
Second, polymerization. When the monomer is ready, polymerization methods such as free radical polymerization can be used. In free radical polymerization, an initiator, such as azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), is added, which is thermally decomposed to produce free radicals, which in turn initiates the polymerization of the monomer. In this process, temperature, initiator concentration, and reaction time all have a significant impact on the polymerization reaction. If the temperature is too high, the reaction rate is too fast, or the molecular weight distribution of the polymer becomes wider; if the temperature is too low, the
Furthermore, the crosslinking step. For the cross-linked poly (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine) with divinylbenzene, an appropriate amount of divinylbenzene is added to the polymerization system. Divinylbenzene is used as a crosslinking agent. During the polymerization process, its double bond reacts with the active check point on the polymer chain to build a three-dimensional network structure. The amount of crosslinking agent is the most critical. If the amount is too small, the degree of crosslinking is low, and the material performance improvement is limited; if the amount is too large, the material may be over-crosslinked and become hard and brittle.
Finally, the product is processed. After the polymerization and crosslinking reaction are completed, the resulting product often needs to be post-treated. For example, precipitation, filtration, washing and other methods are used to remove impurities such as unreacted monomers, initiators and solvents. After that, dry treatment is carried out to obtain pure polymer materials. The whole preparation process needs to be precisely controlled for each step to obtain products with excellent performance.

The compatibility of Poly (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine) and Poly (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyridine) cross-linked with divinylbenzene with other materials is related to many aspects.
These two have specific chemical activities and steric resistance due to the presence of pyridine ring and tert-butyl group in their molecular structure. For polar materials, due to the polarity of pyridine ring, they can show good compatibility with polar group-containing materials through hydrogen bond, dipole-dipole interaction. For polymers containing hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, pyridine nitrogen atoms can form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl hydrogen and carboxyl hydrogen to enhance the binding of the two.
However, for non-polar materials, due to the non-polar and large steric resistance of tert-butyl, it will hinder its close contact with non-polar materials, and the compatibility is poor. Like non-polar polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, it is difficult to penetrate and mix with each other.
When cross-linked with divinylbenzene, its cross-linking structure greatly changes the physical properties of the material. Cross-linking forms a network structure between molecular chains, restricting the movement of molecular chains. When mixed with small molecule materials, if the small molecule size is suitable, it can fill in the crosslinking network gap, showing a certain compatibility; but if the size is too large, it is difficult to enter and the compatibility is poor. For polymeric materials, the rigidity after cross-linking is enhanced. If the other polymer is more flexible, the compatibility will be affected due to differences in deformation ability. If the rigidity of the two is similar and the chemical structure is complementary, if the interaction group can be formed, the compatibility may be improved.