6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylate

6-Chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid ester is one of the organic compounds. In its molecular structure, the 6th position of the pyridine ring is substituted by a chlorine atom, and the 3rd position is connected by a carboxylate group. This structure endows it with unique chemical properties.
As far as reactivity is concerned, the electron cloud density of the pyridine ring can be reduced due to the electron-absorbing properties of the chlorine atom, which makes it difficult for the electrophilic substitution reaction on the ring to occur, but the activity of the nucleophilic substitution reaction is improved. In nucleophilic substitution, the chlorine atom can be replaced by a variety of nucleophilic reagents, such as alkoxy, amino, etc., to form corresponding substitution products.
Its carboxylic acid ester group also exhibits specific chemical properties. Ester groups can undergo hydrolysis reactions under acidic or basic conditions, according to different mechanisms. In acidic hydrolysis, it is a reversible reaction to generate 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acids and corresponding alcohols; in alkaline hydrolysis, it is more thorough to generate carboxylic salts and alcohols.
In addition, 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters can participate in the reverse reaction of esterification reaction, and exchange esters with alcohols or phenols under appropriate conditions to obtain different carboxylic acid ester products. And its pyridine ring can undergo some metal-catalyzed reactions, such as palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions, which can modify and expand molecules and have important application value in the field of organic synthesis.

6-Chloropyridine-3-carboxylate has a wide range of uses and has its own impact in the fields of medicine, pesticides, materials, etc.
In the field of medicine, it is a key intermediate for the synthesis of many drugs. It can construct complex drug molecular structures through specific chemical reactions, which is very helpful for the development of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and other drugs. For example, in the creation of some new antibacterial drugs, 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylate can be used as a starting material. By organic synthesis, various functional groups can be added, and finally drugs with antibacterial activity can be formed, which is a powerful tool for medical treatment against bacteria.
In the field of pesticides, this compound also has extraordinary power. It can be used to prepare high-efficiency insecticides and fungicides. Pesticides synthesized based on it can effectively resist crop diseases and insect pests, improve crop yield and quality. Due to its structural characteristics, it can accurately act on specific targets of pests or pathogens, achieving high-efficiency control effect, and has little impact on the environment, which is in line with the development needs of modern green pesticides.
In the field of materials, 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylate is also possible. Can participate in the synthesis of functional materials, such as some photoelectric materials. Its unique chemical structure endows materials with special optical or electrical properties, which can be used in the manufacture of optoelectronic devices, such as Light Emitting Diodes, solar cells, etc., or can optimize material properties, improve device efficiency and stability, and provide new paths for the progress of materials science.
In summary, 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylate has a wide range of uses in the fields of medicine, pesticides, and materials due to its unique structure and good chemical reactivity. It is of great significance to promote technological development in various fields.

The synthesis of 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters is a key issue in the field of organic synthesis. The synthesis methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice needs to be carefully weighed.
One method can be obtained by esterification of 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid and alcohol under the action of a catalyst. In this process, the choice of catalyst is of paramount importance. Common protonic acids such as sulfuric acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid can effectively catalyze the reaction. However, sulfuric acid has strong corrosion and complicated post-processing; although p-toluenesulfonic acid is mild, its activity may be inferior to sulfuric acid. During the reaction, the choice of solvent should not be ignored. Organic solvents such as toluene and dichloromethane can provide a suitable reaction environment and promote the dissolution and mass transfer of the reactants. The control of temperature is related to the reaction rate and yield. Generally speaking, moderate heating can increase the growth rate, but if it is too high, it may cause side reactions.
Furthermore, 6-chloro-3-halopyridine can also be used as the starting material to undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction with carboxylates. Halogenated pyridine has different halogen activities. The iodine has the highest activity, but the cost is also high; the chlorine has low cost, but the activity is slightly inferior. When reacting, it is necessary to choose suitable bases, such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, etc., to promote nucleophilic substitution. In terms of solvents, polar aprotic solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) can enhance the solubility and activity of ions and improve the reaction efficiency.
Another way is to use pyridine-3-carboxylate as the starting material and introduce chlorine atoms through halogenation reaction. The choice of halogenating reagents, such as N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS), phosphorus oxychloride (POCl), etc. The reaction conditions of NCS are mild and the selectivity is good; the activity of POCl is high, but more severe anhydrous conditions may be required. During the reaction, the selectivity of the reaction check point needs to be paid attention to, or supplemented by specific positioning groups, so that the chlorine atom can be precisely introduced into the 6-position.
In summary, the synthesis of 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylate requires careful selection of the appropriate synthesis path according to the availability of raw materials, cost, difficulty of reaction conditions and many other factors, in order to achieve the purpose of efficient, economical and environmentally friendly synthesis.

The price range of 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylate in the market is difficult to determine with certainty. This is due to the interplay of various factors, resulting in fluctuations in its price state.
The first to bear the brunt is the cost of production. The acquisition of raw materials, the simplicity of the preparation process and the consumption of energy all affect the cost. If raw materials are scarce and rare, or the preparation process requires fine operation and high equipment, the cost will increase, and the price will also rise.
Furthermore, the market supply and demand situation has a huge impact on the price. If the market has strong demand for this product and limited supply, its price will rise; on the contrary, if the supply exceeds demand, the price will be at risk of falling.
Repeat, the quality is also the reason for the price difference. High-quality 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylate, because of its better performance and stability, is often higher than the price of ordinary quality.
In addition, market competition cannot be ignored. If there are many market participants, the competition is fierce, and the merchants compete for share, or they will use price as a weapon, resulting in lower prices; conversely, if the market is almost monopolized, the price may be controlled by a few, and the fluctuation is capricious.
According to past trading conditions and general market observation, its price may fluctuate between tens of yuan and hundreds of yuan per kilogram. However, this is only a rough estimate, not an accurate value. To know the exact price, it is advisable to consult chemical product suppliers, distributors, or professional chemical product trading platforms in order to obtain the latest and accurate price information.

6-Chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters are prepared in various factories. However, it is difficult to count all the manufacturers in the world. Although this is the case, there are also many well-known factories in the world related to the preparation of this substance.
Looking at the world of China, there are several large factories that are quite famous in this industry. They have been studying the way of chemical preparation for many years and are skilled. With advanced equipment and exquisite craftsmanship, the quality of the products is high and the quantity is sufficient. They always pay attention to quality control, follow strict regulations, and abide by fine procedures to ensure that the output of 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters is high.
In addition, there are also factories overseas. They also have expertise in the field of chemical industry. They may hold unique methods or have cutting-edge technologies, and the products they produce are sold in foreign countries. And overseas manufacturers also pay more attention to environmental protection and safety, follow local regulations, and practice a stable business.
As for many small and medium-sized factories, they also exist in the city. They either have flexible operations or unique technologies, and they have a share in the preparation of 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylate esters. Although the scale is inferior to that of large factories, they are skilled in a certain process, or good at reducing costs and increasing efficiency, which also adds a lot to the market.
In short, the manufacturers of 6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters, both in China and overseas, have all sizes, and each has its own capabilities.