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What are the chemical properties of this substance?
The chemical properties of this substance are quite rich. It is flammable. Under certain conditions, it can react violently with oxygen, releasing a large amount of heat and light, just like the dry firewood that burns rapidly when exposed to fire. For example, in an oxygen-rich environment, it can be fully burned and turned into products such as carbon dioxide and water.
Furthermore, this substance is oxidizing. It can react with some reducing substances to oxidize the other party and reduce itself. Like an ancient knight, it changes the state of other substances with its own power. It can cause some metal elements to lose electrons and acquire electrons by itself, thereby triggering a redox reaction.
It also has acid and alkali related properties. In a specific solution environment, it can reflect acidic or alkaline. If it encounters alkaline substances, it can neutralize and react with them, just like yin and yang, generating corresponding salts and water. Conversely, when it encounters acidic substances, it will also undergo specific reactions according to its characteristics.
At the same time, the substance may also have stability or activity. When the stability is high, it is not easy to react with other substances, just like a calm person, not easy to be disturbed by the outside world. If its activity is strong, it is easy to react with many substances, just like that active person, who makes friends everywhere and actively participates in various changes. Its stability or activity is affected by many factors such as temperature, pressure, and surrounding substances. For example, increasing the temperature may make it more active and easier to participate in chemical reactions.
In which fields is this substance used?
This material is wonderfully used in many fields. In the field of civil engineering construction, it can be used as a cornerstone material. Because of its strong texture, it can bear great strength, making buildings and pavilions stable. When building a road, it is paved under the road to help the road be durable, and the cars and horses come and go without damage.
In the world of weapon forging, it can be tempered by a wonderful method to form a sharp blade. Its nature is tough, the edge is sharp and not easy to roll. On the battlefield, it kills the enemy to win, protects the country, and is a weapon for the soldiers to rely on.
In daily utensils, it also shows its skills. Made into various utensils, such as axes and catties, hoes and plows. The axe can cut firewood for cooking and heating; the hoe and plow can help farming, and the soil can be turned over, so that the grain can be abundant and the people's livelihood can be helped.
In the place of water conservancy projects, it can be used to fix the embankment. Resist the impact of torrents, make rivers smooth, and protect the living fields on both sides. If the canal is repaired and drained, it can also be used as the wall of the canal to prevent leakage and collapse, and ensure the smooth flow of water conservancy.
And in the way of artistic carving, it is also valuable. According to its texture and color, craftsmen have carefully crafted it into exquisite and clear works of art, or for auspicious animals and birds, or for the scenery of characters, for people to enjoy and increase the elegance of life. In short, this material is indispensable and effective in the fields of livelihood and skills in the country.
What is the synthesis method of this substance?
The synthesis of a certain substance is the most crucial thing. In the past, in the writings of "Tiangong Kaiwu", the system of many things was recorded in detail. Although I don't know what kind of substance you are talking about, I can take one or two in the book as an example to illustrate the method of synthesis.
If it is a matter of smelting and a method of casting tripods, it is necessary to prepare good materials first. Copper is picked in the mountains, and the pure one is selected, and it is placed in the furnace later. The stove needs to be excellent, and the mastery of the heat is particularly important. At first, it is baked slowly with a gentle fire, so that the copper gradually melts, and then it is urged by a fierce fire to make it all melt. Wait for the copper liquid to flow like a flow, pour into the precast fan. The making of the fan is also exquisite. According to the shape of the tripod, the carving mold is engraved, so that the inside of the tripod is smooth and the lines are clear. When pouring the liquid, it must be stable and even, and there should be no slight difference, otherwise the shape and quality of the tripod may be uneven. Wait for the copper liquid to cool, remove the fan and make a tripod, and then grind and trim it to make it smooth and impressive.
Another way to make paper. Take the green sandalwood bark and soak it in the stream to make it soft. Then pounded into mud, this is the beginning of pulping. Then put the pulp in a tank, add water and stir well, and gently scoop it in the pulp with a bamboo curtain, so that the pulp is evenly attached to the curtain, and the excess water is drained. The pulp on the curtain is slightly dry, peel it off and During the drying process, the heat should be moderate. If it is too strong, the paper will be brittle, and if it is too slow, it will be time-consuming and the paper quality will not be good. In this way, the paper is obtained through the various processes of dipping, pounding, pulping, papermaking, and drying.
All kinds of synthesis methods need to be cautious, from material selection, process to heat, etc., nothing can be ignored. Each step is interconnected, and any mistake in any link may cause the synthesized product to fail to meet expectations. This is the gist of the synthesis method and the essence of the skills passed down in "Tiangong Kaiwu".
What are the physical properties of this substance?
The physical properties of this substance are various, and are briefly described as follows:
One of them is the morphological texture. Or it is a solid state, as solid as a rock, stable to the touch, and its shape or rules are uniform, or it is jagged and different, with distinct edges and corners; or it is a liquid state, smooth flow, such as a babbling stream, which can be shaped according to the device, without a fixed shape; or it is a gaseous state, ethereal and invisible, like nothingness, difficult to detect, but can be filled with vast space.
The second is about the appearance of color. The color is colorful, like the red of the sun, bright and dazzling, full of vitality; like the blue of the deep sea, deep and distant, which is imaginative; there is also like the white of ice and snow, pure and flawless, full of elegance. Its surface may be as smooth as a mirror, reflecting light and shining; or it may be rough, uneven, and unique in texture.
The third is the density characteristic. The density is different. The heavy one is like lead and iron, which is placed in the palm of your hand and feels sinking; the light one is like a feather, which flutters in the wind and is difficult to control. This characteristic also determines its state of ups and downs in the fluid. The heavy one sinks and falls steadily to the bottom; the light one floats up and floats on the surface.
The fourth is the melting point and boiling point. The melting point is different. The low one can melt into a liquid at room temperature, just like ice and snow meet warmth and disappear quietly; the high one needs to be roasted by fire, reaching a very high temperature, before it melts, and it is extremely tough. The boiling point is also the same, or it turns into steam at a lower temperature and escapes into the air; or it needs a hot topic to boil, showing a unique physical transformation.
The fifth is thermal conductivity. Those with good thermal conductivity, such as metal copper and aluminum, can quickly transfer heat, and one end is heated, and the other end is immediately sensed; those with weak thermal conductivity, such as wood and cotton, can resist heat transfer and have the effect of keeping warm. In terms of conductivity, metals are mostly good conductors, and current flows freely; while rubber and plastics are insulators, which are difficult to pass current and have different uses.
In addition, there are physical properties such as ductility and magnetism. Those with strong ductility can be used as gold foil, beating and extending, as thin as cicada wings; magnetic substances, or capable of adsorbing iron, cobalt and nickel, etc., exhibit unique magnetic attraction, which is useful in many fields.
How stable is the substance?
Looking at this substance, if you want to know its stability, you can observe its properties, investigate its source, and test its changes.
First observe its properties. If it has a strong structure, strong bonds between atoms, or a stable electronic configuration, the stability is good. Such as gold, its atomic structure is tight, and the electron arrangement is stable, so it is difficult to react with other substances at room temperature and pressure, and the stability is quite high.
Investigate its source. If this substance is generated, it goes through harsh conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, or requires a special reaction path to make its structure dense and energy reduced, the stability is also excellent. For example, ceramics calcined at high temperature have a stable crystal structure with internal structure rearrangement, so they can withstand high temperature and corrosion.
Test its change, place the substance in different environments, and observe its change. In the air, check whether it oxidizes; in acid-base solutions, see if it dissolves. If it changes slightly over a long time and in a variety of environments, the stability is strong.
The stability of various substances is also influenced by external factors. When the temperature increases, the molecular movement intensifies, or the structure changes and the stability decreases; when the pressure changes, or the phase change of the substance affects the stability.
To determine the stability of this substance, it is necessary to consider multiple aspects, and synthesize its internal structural characteristics, formation conditions and the influence of the external environment.