5-Carboxypicolinonitrile~2-Cyano-5-carboxypyridine~6-Cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid

5-Cyanopyridine-2-formonitrile (5-Carboxypicolinonitrile), 2-cyano-5-carboxypyridine (2-Cyano-5-carboxypyridine), 6-cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid (6-Cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid) These three are widely used.
In the field of organic synthesis, they are all key raw materials. 5-cyanopyridine-2-formonitrile, often used as an intermediate, is involved in the construction of many complex organic compounds. Due to the characteristics of cyano and formonitrile in its structure, it can be converted into various functional groups through various chemical reactions, such as hydrolysis and addition, and then synthesized into compounds with specific biological activities or material properties.
2-cyano-5-pyridinecarboxylic acid is of great significance in the field of medicinal chemistry. The combination of its pyridine ring with cyano and carboxyl groups endows the molecule with unique chemical and physical properties, and is often used to design and synthesize new drug molecules to explore their potential pharmacological activities, such as anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory research.
6-cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid, in addition to being used as a key building block in organic synthesis, has also emerged in materials science. It can be introduced into the structure of polymer materials through chemical modification to improve the electrical, optical or mechanical properties of materials, providing the possibility for the research and development of new functional materials.
These three types of compounds, with their unique structures, play an important role in organic synthesis, drug development, materials science and other fields, and promote the continuous progress and development of related fields.

5-Cyanopyridine-2-formonitrile (5-Carboxypicolinonitrile), 2-cyano-5-pyridinecarboxylic acid (2-Cyano-5-carboxypyridine), 6-cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid (6-Cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid) are all pyridine compounds containing cyanogroups and carboxylic groups. Their physical properties are as follows:
Looking at their properties, they are mostly crystalline solids under normal conditions. Due to the existence of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces between molecules, the molecules are arranged in an orderly manner and form a crystalline structure. Its color may be white to light yellow, with different purity, slightly different color, light color if there are few impurities, and dark color if there are many impurities.
In terms of melting point, such compounds can form hydrogen bonds between cyanyl and carboxyl groups in molecules, enhancing intermolecular forces, so the melting point is relatively high. The melting point of 5-cyanopyridine-2-formonitrile is about 160-170 ° C, the melting point of 2-cyanopyridine-5-pyridinecarboxylic acid is about 190-200 ° C, and the melting point of 6-cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid is about 210-220 ° C.
In terms of solubility, because the carboxyl group can form a hydrogen bond with water, it has a certain solubility in polar solvents such as water, but due to the existence of pyridine ring and cyanyl group, hydrophobicity is also present, so the solubility is not very high. In organic solvents such as methanol and ethanol, the solubility is slightly better, because the organic solvent and the compound molecule can form van der Waals force and hydrogen bond to help it dissolve.
In terms of stability, the cyanyl group and the carboxyl group are relatively stable, but under severe conditions such as strong acid, strong base or high temperature, the cyanyl group can be hydrolyzed into a carboxyl group or an amide group, and the carboxyl group may also undergo decarboxylation reaction. And the pyridine ring can participate in electrophilic substitution and nucleophilic substitution reactions

5-Cyanopyridine-2-formonitrile (5-Carboxypicolinonitrile), 2-cyano-5-carboxypyridine (2-Cyano-5-carboxypyridine), 6-cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid (6-Cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid) are all pyridine derivatives containing cyanide and carboxylic groups, and their chemical properties are interesting.
These compounds are acidic, and their carboxyl groups can ionize hydrogen ions. They are acidic in aqueous solution and can neutralize with bases to form corresponding carboxylate and water. For example, when reacted with sodium hydroxide, the hydrogen in the carboxyl group is combined with hydroxide to form water, and the carboxyl group becomes the form of sodium carboxylate salt.
The cyanyl group is active and can carry out a variety of reactions. One is hydrolysis. Under the catalysis of acid or base, the cyanyl group can be gradually converted into an amide group, and then hydrolyzed into a carboxylic group. For example, under basic conditions, the cyanyl group first reacts with water to form an amide, and the amide is further hydrolyzed into carboxylic acid and ammonia. Second, the cyanyl group can participate in nucleophilic addition reactions. Because its carbon atoms are partially positive, they are vulnerable to attack by nucleophilic reagents. For example, when reacting with alcohols under specific conditions, nitrile alcohols are formed. < b The pyridine ring is aromatic and relatively stable, but the electron cloud distribution on the ring is affected by the cyanyl group and the carboxyl group. The cyanyl group and the carboxyl group are electron-withdrawing groups, which reduce the electron cloud density of the pyridine ring, weaken the electrophilic substitution reaction activity, and the substitution reaction mainly occurs in the position where the electron cloud density is relatively high.
In addition, these compounds have certain solubility because they contain polar groups. Both carboxyl and cyanyl groups can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, so they have a certain solubility in water, and the solubility in polar organic solvents is higher than that in non-polar organic solvents.

5-Carboxypicolinonitrile, 2-cyano-5-carboxypyridine, and 6-cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid are all important compounds in organic synthesis. Their preparation methods are as follows:
5-carboxypyridinitrile. The common method is to use pyridine as the starting material. Pyridine is first substituted with a specific reagent, such as a halogenated alkane under suitable reaction conditions, and a substituent is introduced at a specific position in the pyridine ring. After that, the introduced substituent is converted into a cyanyl group through a cyanidation reaction. After a suitable oxidation reaction, the substituent at the other position of the pyridine ring is oxidized to a carboxyl group to obtain 5-carboxypyridinitrile. In this process, the precise control of the reaction conditions is extremely critical, such as the reaction temperature, the proportion of reactants and the catalyst used, all of which have a significant impact on the purity and yield of the product.
Preparation of 2-cyano-5-carboxypyridine can be started from the corresponding pyridine derivatives. Cyano groups are introduced at the second position of the pyridine ring through nucleophilic substitution or electrophilic substitution reaction using the activity check point on the pyridine ring. Subsequently, with the help of suitable oxidation means, the carboxyl group is constructed at the 5th position. 2-cyano-5-carboxypyridine is also directly synthesized by cyclization from raw materials containing cyanide and carboxyl groups. This approach requires fine regulation of reaction conditions to ensure the smooth progress of the cyclization reaction and avoid unnecessary side reactions.
The preparation of 6-cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid usually starts with a specific pyridine compound. First, the cyanyl group is introduced at the 6th position of the pyridine ring through a suitable reaction, and the cyanide-containing reagent can be used to react under suitable conditions. Then, a specific oxidation or hydrolysis reaction is used to form a carboxyl group at the 3rd position. Metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions are also used to synthesize 6-cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acids. In this process, the selection of metal catalysts and the optimization of the reaction system are crucial, which are related to the efficiency and selectivity of the reaction.
In short, the preparation of these three compounds requires careful design of synthesis routes and strict control of reaction conditions according to their structural characteristics and reaction mechanisms to obtain ideal products.

I look at the three compounds you mentioned, namely 5-cyanopyridine-formonitrile, 2-cyano-5-carboxypyridine, and 6-cyanopyridine-3-carboxylic acid. However, the prices in the market often vary with time and place, supply and demand, and quality, so it is difficult to determine the geometry of their price.
Looking at the market conditions in the past, the prices of chemical products often fluctuate. If the material is abundant and the supply exceeds the demand, the price may decline; if the raw material is scarce and the demand exceeds the supply, the price may rise. And the difficulty of preparation and the purity of purification also have a significant impact on the price.
These three compounds, if they are of ordinary purity and not extremely rare, in today's market, may range from a few yuan to tens of yuan per gram. However, if they are in a high-purity state and are used for special scientific research, their price may rise sharply, reaching 100 yuan per gram or even higher.
To know their exact price, do not consult chemical raw material suppliers, reagent suppliers, or check on the chemical trading platform to obtain a real-time and accurate price range to meet the needs.