4-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 2-chloro-, methyl ester

The main use of mercury ethyl acetate is as an intermediary in chemical synthesis. Such chemical agents are often crucial in the various chemical matters involved in "Tiangong Kaiwu".
Mercury ethyl acetate, in the field of organic synthesis, is often a catalyst. With its unique chemical properties, it can promote the progress of many reactions, and has the characteristics of high efficiency and specificity. In the preparation of many fine chemicals, such as fragrances, drugs, etc. In the synthesis path, this agent can guide the reaction in a specific direction and improve the purity and yield of the product.
Looking at it from an ancient perspective, although the chemical theory at that time was not as complete as it is today, craftsmen and the Fang family also explored many ways to use such potions in practice. In the art of alchemy, mercury-related compounds are often important. Although their purpose is mostly to seek longevity and alchemy silver, the practice in between also accumulates a lot of experience in chemical applications. Mercury ethyl acetate may play the role of transformation and fusion of various substances in it, and by virtue of its characteristics, the raw materials will undergo the expected changes.
In dyeing, paint making and other processes, mercury ethyl acetate may be used as an auxiliary agent. When dyeing, the auxiliary dye better adheres to the fabric, making the color brighter and longer lasting; when making paint, it can adjust the viscosity, drying speed and other properties of the paint to make the quality of the lacquer better.
Furthermore, in metallurgical related fields, mercury ethyl acetate may participate in the purification and separation process of certain metals. Use its ability to react with different metals in a specific way to separate the desired metal from the ore or mixed metal, improve the purity of the metal, and provide high-quality materials for equipment manufacturing.

Halogenated ethane is one of the organic compounds, and its physical properties are as follows:
First, looking at its state, under normal temperature and pressure, chloroethane is a gas, bromoethane and iodoethane are liquid states. Lower halogenated alkanes are mostly gases or volatile liquids, while higher halogenated alkanes are solids.
Second, look at its boiling point. The boiling point of halogenated ethane is higher than that of alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms. Due to the introduction of halogen atoms, the force between molecules increases. And with the increase of the relative atomic weight of halogen atoms, the force between molecules increases, and the boiling point also increases. For example, the boiling point is ordered as iodoethane > bromoethane > chloroethane.
Third, depending on its density. The density of monochloroethane is less than that of water, while the density of bromoethane and iodoethane is greater than that The density of halogenated hydrocarbons is related to the type and number of halogen atoms contained. Generally speaking, halogen atoms with large relative atomic mass such as bromine and iodine, and those with a large number of halogen atoms, have a larger density.
Fourth, on its solubility. Halogenated ethane is insoluble in water and soluble in a variety of organic solvents. Because halogenated ethane is a non-polar or weakly polar molecule, while water is a polar molecule, according to the principle of "similar compatibility", halogenated ethane is insoluble in water, but can be miscible with organic solvents.
Fifth, smell its smell. Halogenated ethane has a special smell, and some halogenated hydrocarbons have a pungent smell.

It is also an essential material for the production of ethylene glycol oxalate. The method is multi-ended, and now it is the one or two of Jun Chen's.
One method can make ethylene first brominated to obtain 1,2-dibromoethane, and then make it co-heat with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to hydrolyze to produce ethylene glycol. Next, oxidize ethylene glycol with a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate to obtain oxalic acid. Take ethanol, use concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst, heat to 170 ° C, dehydrate to form ethylene, and then brominate and hydrolyze to obtain ethylene glycol. Make ethylene glycol and ethylene glycol use concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst to heat and co-condensate to obtain ethylene glycol. Its chemical change is clear, and the steps are well-organized. < Br >
There is another method, which starts with calcium carbide. When calcium carbide meets water, acetylene gas is produced. Acetylene is added with hydrogen to obtain ethylene. After the previous method, it is brominated and hydrolyzed to obtain ethylene glycol. Acetylene can also be added with water to obtain acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde is oxidized to obtain acetic acid, and ethyl acetate is esterified with ethanol to obtain ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate can be obtained by condensation and other reactions. This way can also achieve its purpose by taking calcium carbide as the beginning, tossing and changing.
The method of making ethylene glycol depends on chemical principles, exquisite design, and control the reaction conditions to obtain the desired product. Although the ways are different, they are all demonstrations of chemical skills, which can be chosen according to many reasons such as the convenience of materials and the calculation of costs.

Mercury is a highly toxic substance, and ethyl cyanoacetate is also a dangerous chemical. When storing and transporting, extreme caution should be taken and no slack should be allowed.
The storage of mercury should be in a sturdy and sealed container to prevent it from evaporating and escaping. Because of its extreme volatility, it will escape into the air with a little carelessness. If people inhale it, it will be extremely harmful. The container must be placed in a cool, ventilated and dry place, away from fire and heat sources, to avoid excessive temperature and exacerbation of its volatilization. At the same time, it should be stored separately from oxidants, acids and other substances, because it is easy to cause dangerous chemical reactions when it encounters with these substances.
The storage of ethyl cyanoacetate also requires a special container to ensure a good seal. It should be stored in a cool and ventilated warehouse, away from fire and heat sources. Because of its flammability, it is very easy to burn and explode in case of open flames and hot topics. And it should be stored separately from oxidants, reducing agents, acids, alkalis, etc., and must not be mixed to prevent mutual reaction.
When transporting mercury, strict regulations must be followed, professional transportation tools must be used, and strict protective measures must be taken. Transport personnel need to be professionally trained and familiar with the characteristics of mercury and emergency treatment methods. During transportation, it is necessary to prevent damage to containers and avoid mercury leakage. In the event of leakage, effective emergency measures must be taken immediately, such as evacuating people, sealing the scene, and using suitable materials for collection and disposal.
For the transportation of ethyl cyanoacetate, it is also necessary to choose a transportation tool that meets safety standards. During transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall, or damage. The tank (tank) car used during transportation should have a grounding chain, and holes can be set in the tank to reduce static electricity generated by shock. Mixed transportation with other dangerous chemicals is strictly prohibited, and the transportation vehicle should be equipped with the corresponding variety and quantity of fire protection equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment.
In short, the storage and transportation of mercury and ethyl cyanoacetate is related to the safety of everyone's life and environmental safety. It must not be taken lightly, and the relevant safety regulations and operating procedures must be strictly followed.

Ethyl hydrocyanate is a chemical substance. This substance has an impact on both the environment and human health.
First, its impact on the environment. If ethyl hydrocyanate is released into the atmosphere, it will gradually dissipate due to photolysis and other effects. However, if it enters water or soil, it may cause water and soil pollution because of its solubility and migration. In the aquatic environment, it may be toxic to aquatic organisms, damage their survival and reproduction, and destroy the ecological balance of water. In the soil, it may affect the activities of soil microorganisms and soil fertility, and hinder plant growth.
Re-discuss its impact on human health. Ethyl hydrocyanate can invade the human body through respiratory tract, skin contact, and ingestion. Once in the body, the cyanyl group will bind to the iron ion of cytochrome oxidase, causing the enzyme to be inactivated, making the cells unable to utilize oxygen, and then triggering tissue hypoxia. In mild cases, headache, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms may occur; in severe cases, it can cause breathing difficulties, disturbance of consciousness, convulsions, and even respiratory and heartbeat arrest and endanger life. Long-term exposure may also cause chronic damage to the nervous system and cardiovascular system, such as neurasthenia syndrome, myocardial damage, etc.
Therefore, when we produce, use and handle ethyl hydrocyanate, we must be careful and take proper protection and treatment measures to reduce its harm to the environment and human body.