4-Cyano-2-chloropyridine

4-Cyano-2-chloropyridine is also an organic compound. It has a wide range of uses and is often a key synthetic intermediate in the field of medicinal chemistry. Cover the creation of medicine, relying on the ingenious combination and reaction of various organic compounds. Due to its unique chemical structure, 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine can participate in various reaction paths and help build complex drug molecular structures.
In the field of pesticide chemistry, it also plays an important role. The research and development of pesticides aims to create efficient and low-toxic compounds to protect crops from pests and pathogens. 4-Cyano-2-chloropyridine can be converted into insecticidal and bactericidal substances through specific chemical reactions, escorting agricultural harvests.
Furthermore, in the field of materials science, it has also emerged. With the advance of science and technology, the demand for new materials is increasing. 4-Cyano-2-chloropyridine may participate in the material synthesis process, endowing materials with special physical and chemical properties, such as improving the stability and conductivity of materials, etc., contributing to the development of materials science.
Overall, 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine is an indispensable basic compound in many fields such as medicine, pesticides, and materials science, promoting continuous progress and innovation in various fields.

The synthesis method of 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine is ancient and diverse. The following are several common methods.
First, 2-chloropyridine is used as the starting material. This pyridine derivative is first reacted with a cyanide reagent. The cyanide reagent can be selected from cuprous cyanide, which is heated and stirred in a specific solvent, such as N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF). After a nucleophilic substitution reaction, the chlorine atom is replaced by a cyanyl group, and 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine is obtained. This reaction requires strict control of the reaction temperature and time. If the temperature is too high or the time is too long, side reactions will easily occur, which will affect the purity and yield of the product.
Second, pyridine is used as the initial product. Pyridine is first chlorinated, and under appropriate conditions, chlorine atoms are introduced to obtain 2-chloropyridine. The reaction conditions in this step need to be precisely controlled to ensure that chlorine atoms are mainly introduced into the 2-position. Then, 2-chloropyridine is cyanized. For example, the above-mentioned reagents such as cuprous cyanide are used according to a certain process to achieve the introduction of cyanyl groups and finally obtain the target product. This route has a little more steps, but the raw material pyridine is easy to obtain, which has certain advantages. < Br >
Third, synthesized by palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction. Halopyridine derivatives and cyanide-containing reagents are used under the action of palladium catalysts, such as palladium acetate, with the assistance of ligands, such as triphenylphosphine, in the presence of bases. This method has good selectivity and can efficiently synthesize 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine, but the cost of palladium catalysts is relatively high, and cost factors need to be considered in industrial production.
All synthesis methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In practical applications, when considering the availability of raw materials, cost, product purity and many other factors, the optimal method should be selected to achieve the purpose of synthesis.

4-Cyano-2-chloropyridine is also an organic compound. Its physical properties are quite important and are related to many chemical applications.
First of all, its appearance is usually white to light yellow crystalline powder. This appearance feature is easy to identify intuitively. In the early inspection stage of chemical experiments and industrial production, its purity and state can be preliminarily judged based on this.
When it comes to melting point, it is about 94-98 ° C. Melting point is an inherent property of a substance. If the melting point of the sample is consistent with the established range and the melting range is short, the purity is higher; conversely, if the melting range is too long or the melting point is deviated, it may contain impurities.
In addition, its solubility also has characteristics. It exhibits good solubility in organic solvents such as dichloromethane, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), acetonitrile, etc. This property is of great significance in organic synthesis reactions, because organic solvents are often the reaction medium, 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine can be uniformly dispersed in suitable solvents, promoting full contact between reaction molecules, speeding up the reaction process and improving the reaction efficiency. In water, its solubility is poor, and this difference is helpful for separation and purification by means of aqueous-organic phase separation.
Also, the stability of 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine is acceptable under conventional conditions. In case of open flame, hot topic, or contact with strong oxidant, there is a risk of chemical reaction, and even dangerous conditions. Therefore, during storage and use, it is necessary to strictly avoid such situations to ensure safe operation.
In addition, its density and other physical properties also affect the relevant process design. Although the exact density data may vary depending on the measurement conditions, in specific production and experimental scenarios, accurate control of the density is helpful for material measurement, mixing ratio control, etc., which is crucial to ensure product quality and reaction effect.

4-Cyano-2-chloropyridine, the price of this product in the market is difficult to determine. The change in its price depends on various factors.
First, the situation of supply and demand has a great impact on the price. If there are many people in the market who need it, but the supply is small, the price will rise; on the contrary, if there are few people in demand, the supply will exceed the demand, and the price will drop. In today's chemical industry, there may be many places where 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine is needed, which is an essential agent in the production of medicine and pesticides. If the development of medicine is prosperous, and new prescriptions are frequent, the need for this material will increase greatly, and its price will rise. < Br >
Second, the price of raw materials is also the key. The production of 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine depends on a variety of raw materials. The price of raw materials is high, and the price of finished quality will increase. If the origin of raw materials encounters disasters, the output decreases and the price rises, the price of 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine will also rise.
Furthermore, the technology and cost of manufacturing also affect the price. If the technology is excellent, the cost can be reduced, and the production is efficient, the price may be flat; if the technology is old, the consumption is too large and the efficiency is low, the cost is high, and the price will be expensive.
Also, the market competition situation also has an impact. There are many competitors in the same industry, in order to compete for market share, or there is a price reduction policy; on the contrary, if there are few competitors, the price may be stable and high.
And changes in policies and regulations, those related to environmental protection and production standards, can change production costs, and then lead to price changes.
In summary, the market price of 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine varies due to supply and demand, raw materials, techniques, competition, and regulations, and it is difficult to generalize its exact value.

4-Cyano-2-chloropyridine is a chemical substance commonly used in organic synthesis. When storing and transporting, many matters must be paid attention to.
When storing, the first environment. It should be placed in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Because of its certain chemical activity, high temperature and humid environment can easily cause it to deteriorate. If it is exposed to high temperature, it may cause chemical reactions to occur, causing changes in ingredients, affecting its quality and use efficiency. And it should be kept away from fires and heat sources to prevent unexpected explosions. Because of its flammability, it may be exposed to open flames, hot topics, or dangerous.
In addition, when storing, it should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, alkalis, etc. The chemical properties of 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine cover, when it encounters with such substances, or causes violent chemical reactions, endangering safety. If mixed with oxidants, or cause oxidation reactions, resulting in combustion, explosion and other disasters.
As for transportation, the packaging must be tight and sturdy. It is necessary to ensure that it is not damaged and leaked due to vibration or collision during transportation. Select suitable packaging materials to withstand certain external shocks and have the ability to prevent leakage. During transportation, relevant regulations and standards should also be followed, and it shall not be mixed with contraband. Transportation vehicles should be equipped with corresponding fire equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment, just in case. If there is a leak on the way, drivers and passengers must take emergency measures quickly to evacuate the crowd and prevent the spread of pollution.
In short, 4-cyano-2-chloropyridine is crucial in storage and transportation, such as environment, isolation, packaging and emergency preparedness. If there is a slight carelessness, it may lead to disaster, and it must be treated with caution.