4-CHLORO-3-PYRIDINECARBOXYLIC ACID

4-Chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid, an organic compound, has a wide range of uses. In the field of medicine, it is like the cornerstone of many drug buildings. The synthesis of many drugs with unique curative effects cannot be separated from its participation. For example, in the development of some innovative drugs for the treatment of specific diseases, 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid, with its special chemical structure, can ingeniously react with other substances to construct molecules with precise pharmacological activity, thus bringing hope for recovery to patients.
It also plays a key role in pesticides. The research and development of modern pesticides pursues high efficiency and low toxicity. 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid can be used as an important intermediate for the synthesis of high-efficiency pesticides. With it, pesticide products that have strong targeted killing effects on pests but have little impact on the environment and non-target organisms can be created. It can help agriculture harvest while safeguarding the balance of the ecological environment.
In addition, in the vast world of materials science, 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid has also emerged. It can participate in the synthesis of some special functional materials, giving materials such as unique optical and electrical properties. For example, in the exploration of new photoelectric materials, it works synergistically with other elements or compounds to make the material exhibit unique photoelectric conversion efficiency, contributing to technological innovation in related fields. In short, 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid, although seemingly mundane, actually plays an indispensable role in many important fields.

4-Chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid, this substance is an organic compound. Looking at its physical properties, it often takes the form of a solid state at room temperature. Its color is white, like the first snow in winter, and the texture is delicate, just like refined powder.
When it comes to the melting point, it is about a specific numerical range. This property is like the identification of its identity, which is crucial when identifying. The determination of the melting point is like the key to unlocking the treasure house of its inherent properties, which can help people to understand its purity and other key information.
In terms of solubility, it shows different performances in common solvents such as water, ethanol, and ether. In water, the solubility may be limited, just like a drop of ink falling on Wang Yang, although it can be integrated a little, it is difficult to form a unified state; in ethanol, the solubility may be improved, as if a wanderer returns home, it can blend more harmoniously; As for ether, it also has its unique degree of solubility. The difference in solubility in different solvents provides a variety of possibilities for its use in various chemical operations and applications.
Its density is also one of the important physical properties. This density gives it a unique "position" in the mixture. In separation, purification and other operations, it is like a hidden clue that guides chemists to skillfully separate it from complex systems.
Physical properties such as appearance, melting point, solubility, and density are like an interwoven web, outlining the physical profile of 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid, laying a solid foundation for in-depth exploration of its chemical behavior and practical applications.

4-Chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid, its shape is white to light yellow crystalline powder, stable, and can last for a long time at room temperature and pressure.
This substance is acidic, because it contains carboxyl groups, it can weakly ionize hydrogen ions in water, and can neutralize with bases, like reacting with sodium hydroxide to generate corresponding sodium salts and water.
4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid has a certain solubility, slightly soluble in water, and slightly better solubility in hot water and some polar organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.
From the perspective of reactivity, chlorine atoms have high reactivity and can undergo substitution reactions. For example, under certain conditions, chlorine atoms can be replaced by nucleophiles to form new derivatives, which is often used in organic synthesis to construct complex molecular structures.
It can also participate in esterification reactions, where carboxyl groups and alcohols generate corresponding ester compounds under catalyst and heating conditions. This reaction has applications in the preparation of special esters and fragrance synthesis.
In addition, 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid has certain biological activity due to its pyridine ring. It can be used as a lead compound in pharmaceutical chemistry research. After structural modification and modification, drugs with specific pharmacological activities can be developed.

The synthesis method of 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid has been known in ancient times, and there are many methods, which are described by you today.
First, pyridine is used as the starting material. Pyridine is introduced into the chlorine atom at the 4-position through a specific halogenation reaction. In this halogenation process, a suitable halogenating agent, such as chlorine gas, sulfoxide chloride, etc., and the temperature, time and ratio of the reaction are controlled to make the chlorine atom fall precisely at the 4-position. After the halogenation is completed, an oxidation reaction is carried out to methylate the 3-position of the pyridine ring to a carboxyl group. In this oxidation step, a strong oxidizing agent, such as potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, etc., is commonly used in an appropriate solvent, heated and refluxed to promote the reaction, and the final product is 4-chloro-3-picolinecarboxylic acid.
Second, 3-picolinecarboxylic acid is used as the starting material. First, 3-picolinecarboxylic acid is protected to stabilize the carboxyl group from subsequent reaction interference. Then a halogenation reaction is carried out, and a chlorine atom is introduced at the 4-position. The choice of halogenating agent is similar to the previous method, but the reaction conditions may be different, and it needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation. After the halogenation is completed, the protective group of the carboxyl group is removed, and the target product is
Third, the compound containing chlorine and pyridine structure is used as the raw material. If this raw material already has part of the desired structure, the pyridine ring can be constructed through condensation, cyclization and other reactions, and the position and type of substituents can be adjusted. The condensation reaction requires a reagent with appropriate activity and reacts in a suitable solvent in the presence of a catalyst. The cyclization step needs to consider the thermodynamic and kinetic factors of the reaction, and select suitable conditions to form a pyridine ring in the molecule, and ensure the correct position of 4-chloro and 3-carboxyl groups to eventually form 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid.
Synthesis methods have advantages and disadvantages. The cost of starting materials, the complexity of reaction steps, the purity and yield of the product all need to be weighed. Synthesizers should choose carefully according to their own conditions and needs to achieve the purpose of synthesis.

The price of 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid in the market often varies depending on time, place, and supply and demand. Looking at the transactions of the past, the price fluctuates quite a lot. In the past, at a certain time and place, the supply was abundant, and the price was as low as tens of gold per kilogram; however, if the raw materials were scarce, difficult to prepare, or when the demand increased greatly, the price could jump to hundreds of gold per kilogram.
In places where chemical raw materials are widely concentrated, there are many merchants, and the price also varies according to the quality. Those with high quality have few impurities and good reactivity, and their price is often high; while those with poor quality, although the price is slightly lower, it may be difficult to apply to fine work.
If you buy it near the place of origin, the price may be slightly lower due to the saving of long-distance transshipment fees; however, if you buy it far away, plus freight and taxes, the price will rise. And the market conditions change like clouds, sometimes stable, sometimes fluctuating. Recently, due to stricter environmental regulations, some small factories have been shut down, production has been reduced, and their prices have also risen. In general, the price of 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid fluctuates between tens of gold and hundreds of gold per kilogram. The actual price depends on the current market conditions.