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What are the chemical properties of 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine
4-Bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine is an organic compound with unique chemical properties. It contains bromine atoms and a specific pyridine-pyrrole structure, which endows it with a series of properties.
From the perspective of reactivity, bromine atoms provide an active reaction check point for this compound. As a halogen element, bromine has strong electronegativity, which can reduce the electron cloud density of the carbon atoms connected to it, making it more prone to nucleophilic substitution reactions. In the presence of appropriate nucleophilic reagents, bromine atoms can be replaced by nucleophilic reagents to generate new derivatives. This is a common strategy for building complex molecular structures in organic synthesis.
Furthermore, the structure of the pyridine-pyrrole of the compound affects its electron cloud distribution and conjugation effect. The pyridine ring fuses with the pyrrole ring to form a large conjugated system, which enhances the molecular stability. At the same time, the conjugated system has an effect on the physical properties of the compound such as melting point, boiling point, solubility, etc. Generally speaking, the degree of conjugation increases, the intermolecular force increases, and the melting point and boiling point may increase. In terms of solubility, the compound may have good solubility in polar solvents such as alcohols and ketones due to its nitrogen-containing atoms, but its solubility in water may be limited due to the relatively large and hydrophobic molecule as a whole.
In addition, its nitrogen-containing heterocyclic structure makes it have potential coordination ability. The lone pair electrons on the nitrogen atom can coordinate with metal ions to form metal complexes, which may have applications in catalysis, materials science and other fields.
In summary, 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine has shown unique chemical properties and potential application value in many fields such as organic synthesis and materials science due to the structure of bromine atoms and pyridine pyrrole.
What are the main uses of 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine
4-Bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine is an organic compound with a wide range of uses. In the field of medicinal chemistry, this compound is often used as a key intermediate. Because it contains a specific heterocyclic structure and can interact with many targets in organisms, it is often used to construct bioactive molecular structures in the process of new drug development. For example, it may be possible to develop potential therapeutic drugs for specific diseases such as cancer and neurological diseases by modifying its structure.
In the field of materials science, 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine also has applications. Due to its structure, the compound has unique optoelectronic properties and can be used to prepare organic optoelectronic materials. In fields such as organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) and organic solar cells, by introducing this compound, key parameters such as charge transport performance and luminous efficiency of materials can be improved, thereby improving device performance.
In addition, in the field of organic synthetic chemistry, it is an important synthetic building block and participates in the construction of many complex organic molecules. With its bromine atom and heterocyclic structure characteristics, it can be connected to other organic fragments through various chemical reactions, such as coupling reactions, substitution reactions, etc., to expand the complexity of molecular structure, provide an effective way for the synthesis of novel organic compounds, and promote the development and innovation of organic synthetic chemistry.
What are the synthesis methods of 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine
4-Bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine is an important organic compound, and its synthesis methods are various. The following are common methods:
First, the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound is used as the starting material and obtained by multi-step reaction. For example, select a suitable pyridine derivative, first protect its specific position, and then introduce bromine atoms under suitable reaction conditions. This process requires attention to the selectivity of the reaction and the control of conditions, such as temperature, solvent and catalyst selection. Commonly used brominating reagents include bromine, N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), etc. When using bromine, it is necessary to consider its corrosiveness and the intensity of the reaction. The reaction can be optimized by controlling the dropwise rate and reaction temperature. When NBS is used as the brominating agent, the reaction is relatively mild and easier to control. After the bromine atom is introduced, the structure of pyrrolido-pyridine is constructed through deprotection and cyclization reaction. This cyclization reaction often requires specific catalysts, such as Lewis acid, to promote intramolecular cyclization and generate the target product 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine.
Second, pyrrole derivatives can also be used as starting materials. First, the nitrogen atom of pyrrole is appropriately modified to enhance its nucleophilicity. Then it reacts with the electrophilic reagent containing the pyridine structure to form an intermediate connecting pyridine and pyrrole. In this reaction, the reaction conditions need to be carefully regulated to ensure that the reaction proceeds in the desired direction. Subsequently, the intermediate is brominated. This step is similar to the bromination method mentioned above, and the appropriate brominating reagent and reaction conditions are selected according to the specific situation. Finally, after subsequent reactions, such as removal of some protective groups or further structural adjustment, 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine is obtained.
Third, it is synthesized through a reaction path catalyzed by transition metals. For example, a coupling reaction catalyzed by palladium. The intermediates such as halogenates or borates containing pyridine and pyrrole structural units are prepared first, and then the coupling reaction occurs in the presence of palladium catalysts, ligands and bases. The advantage of this method is that carbon-carbon and carbon-nitrogen bonds can be precisely constructed, and the reaction selectivity is high. When selecting ligands, it is necessary to optimize according to the structure of the substrate and the requirements of the reaction. Common ligands include phosphine ligands. The choice of reaction solvent is also crucial. It is necessary to consider its solubility and stability to substrates, catalysts and reaction intermediates to create a suitable reaction environment and efficiently synthesize 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine.
What is the price range of 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine in the market?
4-Bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine is an organic compound. However, its price range is difficult to determine above the market. The price often varies due to multiple factors.
First, the difficulty of preparation has a great impact. If the process of synthesizing this compound is complicated, it requires multiple reactions, and the yield of each reaction is limited, or rare and expensive raw materials and special reaction conditions are required, the cost will be high, and the market price will also rise.
Furthermore, the relationship between supply and demand in the market is also critical. If many industries, such as pharmaceutical research and development, have strong demand for it, but there is a relative shortage of supply, its price will rise; conversely, if there is little demand and abundant supply, the price will decline.
Repeat, the scale of production also affects its price. In large-scale production, the unit production cost may be reduced due to the scale effect, which makes the market price more affordable; in small-scale production, the cost is difficult to drop, and the price is often high.
In addition, the purity of the product is also related to the price. High-purity 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine is more valuable in scientific research and high-end applications, and the price is higher than that of ordinary purity.
To sum up the above reasons, it is not easy to determine its market price range. Generally speaking, its price may range from a few yuan per gram to several hundred yuan, but this is only a rough estimate. The actual price depends on specific market conditions, product specifications and other factors.
How stable is 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine?
4 - bromo - 1H - pyrrolo [2,3 - c] pyridine is an organic compound. Its stability depends on many factors.
In terms of chemical structure, this compound contains bromine atoms and a specific pyrrolido-pyridine structure. Although bromine atoms increase molecular weight and polarity, they do not significantly damage the overall structural stability. The pyrrolido-pyridine structure imparts certain stability to the molecule due to the existence of a conjugated system. The conjugated system can delocalize electrons, reduce molecular internal energy, and improve stability.
From the perspective of external conditions, temperature has a great influence on its stability. High temperature can easily intensify the thermal motion of molecules, which enhances the vibration of chemical bonds, which may cause chemical bonds to break and cause compounds to decompose. For example, if the temperature far exceeds its decomposition temperature, the carbon-bromine bond, carbon-nitrogen bond, etc. in the molecule may break, destroying the original structure.
Humidity also has an impact. If the ambient humidity is high, water molecules may interact with compounds. Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds with groups containing atoms such as nitrogen and oxygen, interfering with the original forces in the molecule. Long-term exposure to high humidity environments may trigger reactions such as hydrolysis, reducing the stability of compounds.
In addition, light cannot be ignored. Light of a specific wavelength may provide enough energy to excite electron transitions in molecules and initiate photochemical reactions. Especially if there are light-sensitive structures in molecules, light or structural changes will affect stability.
Overall, 4-bromo-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-c] pyridine is relatively stable at room temperature, dry and protected from light. When exposed to high temperature, high humidity or strong light, its stability may be challenged, resulting in structural changes or decomposition.