4-Amino-3-hydroxypyridine

4-Amino-3-hydroxypyridine has a wide range of uses. In the field of medicine, it is a key pharmaceutical intermediate. Due to the unique chemical structure of this substance, it can participate in many drug synthesis reactions. For example, some antibacterial drugs with special curative effects need to use 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine as the starting material in the synthesis process, and through a series of delicate chemical reactions, the core structure of the drug is gradually constructed, which in turn gives the drug antibacterial activity.
In the field of materials science, it also shows important uses. For example, when preparing some functional polymer materials, 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine can be introduced as a functional monomer. In this way, the prepared polymer materials have unique properties, such as adsorption properties for specific substances and good electrical conductivity. This undoubtedly broadens the application range of polymer materials, and has potential application value in electronic devices, environmental monitoring and other fields.
Furthermore, in the field of organic synthetic chemistry, 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine is often used as a key reagent to construct more complex organic compound structures. Due to the active chemical properties of the amino and hydroxyl groups in the molecule, they can participate in many classical organic reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution reactions and condensation reactions, providing rich possibilities for organic synthesis chemists to create novel organic compounds with novel structures, which has greatly promoted the development of organic synthesis chemistry.

4-Amino-3-hydroxypyridine, this is an organic compound. Its physical properties are unique, let me talk about them one by one.
Looking at its properties, at room temperature, it is mostly in a solid state, but its specific appearance may vary slightly depending on the purity and preparation method. It is usually a white to light yellow crystalline powder, which is delicate and has a certain luster.
When it comes to melting point, it is about a specific temperature range, which is crucial for the transformation of its physical state. The melting point is one of the properties of matter and reflects the strength of intermolecular forces. The melting point of 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine makes it gradually melt from solid to liquid at the corresponding temperature. This process is of great significance in the fields of chemical industry and material preparation.
As for solubility, it shows different degrees of solubility in water, alcohols, and some polar organic solvents. In water, although not very soluble, it can be partially dissolved. Due to the presence of amino and hydroxyl groups in the molecular structure, it can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules to improve solubility. In alcohol solvents such as ethanol, the solubility is better. Due to the high force matching between alcohols and the molecules of the compound, the principle of similar miscibility is explained. In non-polar organic solvents, the solubility is very small, because the molecule has a certain polarity, and it is difficult to interact with non-polar solvents.
In addition, the density of 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine is also an important physical property. Although the exact value needs to be determined by precise experiments, its density is within a specific range compared with common organic compounds, which is related to its volume and quality in practical applications. It is a key consideration in product formulation and production process design.
In summary, the physical properties of 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, including its appearance, melting point, solubility, and density, have a profound impact on its applications in chemical, pharmaceutical, materials, and many other fields, and are an important basis for scientific research and production practice.

4-Amino-3-hydroxypyridine is one of the organic compounds. It has special chemical properties and can demonstrate unique functions in many chemical reactions and synthesis.
This compound contains amino groups (-NH2O) and hydroxyl groups (-OH), which give it significant reactivity. Amino groups are nucleophilic and can participate in many nucleophilic substitution reactions. Under appropriate conditions, they can react with electrophilic reagents such as halogenated hydrocarbons to form new nitrogen-containing derivatives. For example, if it encounters a halogenated alkane, the nitrogen atom of the amino group will attack the carbon atom of the halogenated alkane with its lone pair of electrons, and the halogen atom will leave, thus forming a C-N bond to obtain the corresponding substitution product.
Hydroxy groups also have their unique activities. Due to the high electronegativity of oxygen atoms, the hydrogen atoms of hydroxyl groups have certain acidity. In an alkaline environment, hydroxyl groups can lose protons and form corresponding oxygen negative ions. This oxygen negative ion is more active and can further participate in various reactions. For example, it can react with acyl halides or acid anhydrides to esterify and form ester compounds.
In addition, the conjugate structure of 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine has a significant impact on its properties. The conjugated system makes the electron cloud distribution more uniform and enhances the stability of the molecule. However, it also increases the fluidity of electrons in the molecule, making it more susceptible to external reagents, making it more susceptible to electron transfer processes in the reaction, participating in redox and other reactions. In some oxidation reaction systems, it may be more easily oxidized due to the conjugate structure, resulting in oxidation products with different functional groups.
Furthermore, 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine can be used as a ligand to coordinate with metal ions due to its heteroatoms such as nitrogen and oxygen. With its lone pair of electrons of amino and hydroxyl groups, it can form coordination bonds with metal ions to construct metal complexes. Such complexes may exhibit specific properties in the field of catalysis or materials science, providing new opportunities for research and application in related fields.

The synthesis method of 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine has been known for a long time. There are many methods, so I will describe them in detail today.
First, nitropyridine can be obtained by nitrification with pyridine as a group. After reducing agents, such as iron and hydrochloric acid, hydrogen and catalysts, nitro is reduced to amino groups, and then 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine is obtained by hydroxylation. This is a classic method, but the steps are slightly complicated, and the reducing agent used may be inconvenient.
Second, amino and hydroxyl groups are introduced through specific reactions using compounds containing pyridine rings as starting materials. For example, starting with 3-hydroxypyridine, through appropriate amination reagents, such as ammonia and amine compounds, under suitable reaction conditions, such as high temperature and the presence of catalysts, the amino group is introduced to obtain the target product. This approach is relatively direct, but the selection of raw materials and the control of reaction conditions are quite critical.
Third, by means of cyclization reaction. With a chain compound containing a specific functional group as the starting material, under the action of a suitable reaction medium and catalyst, intramolecular cyclization occurs, and a pyridine ring is formed at the same time, and amino and hydroxyl groups are introduced. This method requires delicate structural design of the reaction substrate to achieve.
Synthesis methods have advantages and disadvantages. In order to obtain pure and high-yield 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, it is necessary to adapt to local conditions, comprehensively consider the availability of raw materials, the difficulty of reaction, the high cost and many other factors, carefully select the synthesis method, and carefully adjust the reaction conditions to achieve the desired purpose.

4-Amino-3-hydroxypyridine is in the market, and its price range is difficult to determine. The price of this compound often changes for many reasons.
First, the purity of the system is the main factor. If its purity is high, almost flawless, the price may be high; if it is miscellaneous, the purity is slightly lower, the price may drop.
Second, the supply and demand of the market are also heavy. If there are many people who want it, the supply is limited, and the price must rise; if the supply exceeds the demand, the price may be suppressed.
Third, the place of production is different from the business, and the price is also different. If you send it over a long distance, you will add freight and other fees, and the price will increase; if you produce it locally, you will save freight and the price will decrease.
Different merchants have different strategies, or they are competing for the market, with small profits but quick turnover; or they sell it at a high price because of their advantages.
Today in the market, 4-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, ranging from a few yuan to tens of yuan per gram. However, this is only an approximate number. The actual price should be confirmed by consulting the suppliers in detail according to the current market conditions.