4-Amino-2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine

4-Amino-2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine is an organic compound. It has many unique chemical properties.
As far as its acidity is concerned, the hydroxyl group in the molecule can release protons and exhibit acidic characteristics. This hydroxyl group is more acidic than ordinary alcohol hydroxyl groups due to the electronic effect of adjacent nitro groups and pyridine rings. Nitro has strong electron absorption, which can reduce the electron cloud density on the hydroxyl oxygen atom, causing hydrogen atoms to leave more easily, so it is acidic.
And its basicity is derived from the amino group. The nitrogen atom in the amino group contains lone pairs of electrons, which can accept protons and is basic. However, the presence of the pyridine ring also affects the alkalinity of the amino group. The pyridine ring is an electron-deficient aromatic ring with an electron-absorbing conjugation effect, which will reduce the density of the electron cloud on the amino nitrogen atom, causing its ability to accept protons to weaken, which is weaker than that of simple aliphatic amines.
This compound still has redox properties. Nitro is a strong oxidizing group and can be reduced under suitable conditions. If treated with an appropriate reducing agent, nitro can be gradually converted into nitroso, hydroxylamine, and finally amino groups. And it may also participate in the reaction as an oxidizing agent, depending on the reaction environment and the substances it interacts with.
4-amino-2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine can participate in a variety of organic reactions because it contains multiple active groups. For example, amino groups can participate in acylation and alkylation reactions; hydroxyl groups can participate in esterification and etherification reactions; nitro groups can participate in nucleophilic substitution reactions. Therefore, this compound is of great value in the field of organic synthesis and can be used as a key intermediate for the construction of complex organic molecules.

4-Amino-2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine is a class of organic compounds. It has a wide range of uses and is often a key intermediate in the synthesis of drugs in the field of medicinal chemistry. Due to its unique chemical structure, it can be derived from compounds with specific pharmacological activities through various chemical reactions, or it can be used as an antibacterial agent, or has anti-tumor effects, or has therapeutic power for neurological diseases, all of which depend on its basic construction role in the drug synthesis step.
It is also useful in materials science. Or it can participate in the preparation of materials with special functions, such as some materials with photoelectric properties. The synergistic effect of amino, hydroxyl and nitro groups in its structure endows the material with unique electron cloud distribution and chemical activity, so that the material exhibits specific properties in light absorption, emission or electron conduction, and has potential application value in organic Light Emitting Diodes, solar cells and other fields.
Furthermore, in the field of pesticide chemistry, it is also an important synthetic raw material. After appropriate chemical modification, new pesticides with high efficacy in killing pests and low impact on the environment can be created. This is because the structure of 4-amino-2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine can effectively interact with specific biomolecules in pests, interfere with their normal physiological metabolism, and achieve the purpose of insecticidal, and the modifiability of its structure can optimize the selectivity and environmental friendliness of pesticides.

The synthesis of 4-amino-2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine is quite delicate. In the past, chemists have spent a lot of effort to explore various paths to make this substance.
The first way can be chemical modification. Starting with pyridine, its ring has a unique structure and can be used as a base. Nitro groups are introduced before the pyridine ring. In this step, suitable nitrogenation reagents need to be selected, such as the mixed acid of nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Mixed acids have strong oxidizing properties and nitrogenation ability. Under suitable temperature and reaction conditions, nitro groups can be located at specific positions in the pyridine ring to obtain pyridine derivatives containing nitro groups. This step requires careful control of the reaction conditions. Due to the intense nitroization reaction, a slight carelessness can lead to a cluster of side reactions, such as the formation of polynitrogenation products, which affect the purity and yield of the target.
Then add hydroxyl groups to the nitrogenated pyridine derivatives. It can be achieved by nucleophilic substitution reaction. Choose the appropriate nucleophilic reagent, such as negative ions containing hydroxyl groups. Under the catalysis of specific solvents and bases, the nucleophilic reagent attacks the appropriate check point on the pyridine ring and replaces the original group, and the hydroxyl group is connected. This step also requires attention to the regulation of reaction conditions. The polarity of the solvent, the strength and dosage of the base are all related to the process and selectivity of the reaction.
As for the introduction of amino groups, the method of reduction and amination can be used. First, the nitro group is reduced to an amino group, and the commonly used reducing agents such as iron and hydrochloric acid, hydrogen and catalysts are used. The reduced product is then reacted with ammonia, or reacted with ammonia under suitable conditions, so that the amino group is firmly connected to the pyridine ring. This series of reactions needs to be fine step by step, and after each step of the reaction, it is often required to separate and purify methods, such as extraction, recrystallization, column chromatography, etc., to remove impurities to obtain pure 4-amino-2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine. In this way, after multiple steps of exquisite reaction, this compound is finally obtained.

4-Amino-2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine is a chemical substance. During storage and transportation, more attention must be paid to ensure safety.
First storage conditions. This substance should be placed in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. If the environment is humid, it is easy to cause moisture and deterioration, which affects the quality and performance. And it needs to be kept away from fires and heat sources. Because of its chemical activity, it will be exposed to open flames, hot topics or cause danger. At the same time, it should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, bases, etc., and cannot be mixed. Due to the special chemical properties of this substance, contact with the above substances may cause severe chemical reactions, which may endanger safety.
Second words packaging requirements. The packaging must be tight to prevent leakage. It is commonly packed in sealed containers, and the packaging materials must also have good chemical stability and do not react with 4-amino-2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine. Warning labels should be clearly marked on the outside of the package, such as toxic and harmful, careful handling, etc., so that the contact person can see at a glance and operate with caution.
The transportation process cannot be ignored. The transportation vehicle must be equipped with corresponding fire fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment, just in case. During transportation, ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall or damage. During driving, avoid violent actions such as sudden braking and sharp turns to prevent package damage. And the transportation route should avoid sensitive areas such as densely populated areas and water source protection areas to reduce latent risks. When loading and unloading, the operator must load lightly, and it is strictly forbidden to drop and heavy pressure to avoid package rupture due to external impact and cause leakage accidents.

4-Amino-2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine, the price of this substance in the market is difficult to determine. Prices in the city often vary with changes in time, place, quality and supply and demand.
The price of the chemical industry in the past, if this substance is a rare product, or because of its difficult preparation and special materials, its price is not cheap. In the field of less used fine chemicals, the price of these compounds per gram can reach tens of gold, or even hundreds of gold. If the preparation method is complicated, the raw materials are rare, and exquisite craftsmanship is required, the price will also rise. < Br >
However, if the application of this product is becoming more and more widespread, the preparation method is becoming more and more simple, and the amount of production is increasing, its price should drop. Such as common chemical raw materials, due to mass production, the price is relatively easy. Or only a few gold prices per gram.
And the state of market supply and demand is also the main reason. If there are many people who want it, the supply will be few, and the price will rise; on the contrary, if more is produced and less is used, the price will fall.
Therefore, in order to know the exact market price of 4-amino-2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine, we must carefully consider the current market conditions, consult the merchants of chemical materials, or observe the trading platform, in order to obtain a more accurate number.