4,4',4''-Tris(2-methyl-2-propanyl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine

4,4 ', 4' -tris (2-methyl-2-propyl) -2,2 ': 6', 2 '-tripyridine, its chemical structure analysis is as follows:
This compound uses 2,2': 6 ', 2' -tripyridine as the basic skeleton, and is connected with three 2-methyl-2-propyl groups at the 4th, 4 'and 4' positions, respectively.
2,2 ': 6', 2 '-tripyridine, which is connected by three pyridine rings through the 2nd and 6th positions to form a ligand with a unique conjugate structure. This structure endows it with special electronic properties and coordination ability, which is widely used in the construction of metal complexes.
And the 2-methyl-2-propyl group connected at the 4, 4 'and 4' positions is also known as tert-butyl. Tert-butyl introduces a large steric barrier to this compound, which affects the physical and chemical properties such as intermolecular force and solubility. The steric barrier effect will hinder the tight accumulation between molecules, affecting the crystallinity and aggregate state structure. At the same time, it also has a certain effect on the electron cloud distribution of molecules, which in turn affects the coordination ability with metal ions and the stability of the complex. Compounds with this structure have attracted much attention in the fields of materials science, catalytic chemistry, and supramolecular chemistry, because their unique structures can regulate their coordination patterns with metal ions, and design and synthesize materials and catalysts with specific functions.

4,4 ', 4' -Tris (2-methyl-2-propanyl) -2,2 ': 6', 2 '-terpyridine, the Chinese name is often 4,4', 4 '-tri-tert-butyl-2,2': 6 ', 2' -tripyridine, which has a wide range of uses.
First, in the field of materials science, it can be used as a ligand to complex with metal ions to form metal-organic complexes. Due to its unique molecular structure, it can endow materials with novel optical, electrical, magnetic and other properties. For example, when preparing materials with special luminescent properties, the complexes formed by this substance and specific metal ions can be applied to organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) to improve luminous efficiency and color purity, making the display screen clearer and more colorful.
Second, in the field of catalysis, the complexes formed by this compound and metal ions can be used as efficient catalysts. For example, in some organic synthesis reactions, it can effectively reduce the activation energy of the reaction, speed up the reaction rate, and exhibit good selectivity, which promotes the efficient progress of the reaction in the direction of the desired product, and plays a key role in drug synthesis, fine chemical preparation, and many other aspects.
Third, in the field of supramolecular chemistry, 4,4 ', 4' -tri-tert-butyl-2,2 ': 6', 2 '-tripyridine can participate in the self-assembly process of supramolecules by virtue of its own structural characteristics. Through non-covalent interactions between molecules, such as hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, etc., supramolecular systems with specific structures and functions are constructed, which provide the possibility for the development of new smart materials, and have potential application value in the fields of sensors and molecular recognition.

4,4 ', 4' -tris (2-methyl-2-propyl) -2,2 ': 6', 2 '-tripyridine This substance has many physical properties. Its appearance is mostly solid, and the color is often white to light yellow. This color and appearance are easy to distinguish with the naked eye.
When it comes to solubility, in common organic solvents, such as chloroform, dichloromethane, toluene, etc., all show good solubility properties and can be fused with it to form a uniform solution. However, its solubility in water is not good. Due to its molecular structure characteristics, it is difficult to form effective interactions with water molecules, so it is difficult to dissolve in water.
Melting point is also one of its important physical properties. After experimental determination, its melting point is in a specific temperature range, which provides a key basis for the identification and purity determination of the substance. At this temperature, the substance transitions from solid to liquid, which is of great significance to the control of temperature conditions in the process of material synthesis and application.
In addition, the substance exhibits unique optical properties when irradiated with light of a specific wavelength. Due to the conjugate system in its molecular structure, electrons can flow and transition in it, thereby absorbing and emitting light of a specific wavelength, which makes it show potential application value in the field of optical materials, such as fluorescence sensors, Light Emitting Diodes, etc., which may play an important role.

To prepare 4%2C4%27%2C4%27%27-Tris%282 - methyl - 2 - propanyl% 29 - 2%2C2%27%3A6%27%2C2%27%27 - terpyridine, the method of organic synthesis is often followed. The starting material is preferably a pyridine derivative.
First take a suitable pyridine derivative and introduce tert-butyl at a specific position. This step depends on the nucleophilic substitution reaction. Select an appropriate tert-butylation reagent, such as tert-butyl halide (tert-butyl chloride, tert-butyl bromide, etc.), and use a strong base (such as sodium hydride, tert-butyl alcohol potassium, etc.) as a catalyst to create a suitable alkaline environment to promote the nucleophilic substitution of tert-butyl and pyridine derivatives, and add tert-butyl to the specific check point of the pyridine
Then, the key step to construct the tripyridine structure is performed. It is often achieved by a metal-catalyzed coupling reaction, such as a palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction. Pyridine derivatives containing tert-butyl are used as substrates, with suitable palladium catalysts (such as tetra (triphenylphosphine) palladium, etc.), ligands (such as triphenylphosphine, etc.), bases (such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, etc.), in organic solvents (such as toluene, dichloromethane, etc.), stirring the reaction at a suitable temperature. Through such reactions, the pyridine derivatives are coupled to each other to gradually form a 4%2C4%27%2C4%27%27-Tris%282-methyl-2-propanyl% 29-2%2C2%27%3A6%27%2C2%27%27-terpyridine tripyridine structure.
After the reaction is completed, the product is separated and purified. By column chromatography, silica gel is selected as the stationary phase, and a suitable eluent (such as the eluent of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate mixed in different proportions) is used to separate the product from the impurities of the reaction mixture to obtain pure 4%2C4%27%2C4%27%27-Tris%282 - methyl - 2 - propanyl% 29 - 2%2C2%27%3A6%27%2C2%27%27 - terpyridine.

4,4 ', 4' -tris (2-methyl-2-propyl) -2,2 ': 6', 2 '-tripyridine is useful in many fields.
In the field of materials science, it can be used as a ligand to complex with metal ions to construct metal-organic complexes with different characteristics. These complexes have great potential in luminescent materials because their structures can be precisely regulated, so they can emit light of specific wavelengths, and are expected to be used in the fabrication of high-efficiency optoelectronic devices such as Light Emitting Diodes. In the field of catalysis, such complexes can be used as catalysts. With their unique electronic structure and spatial configuration, they exhibit high activity and selectivity for specific chemical reactions, accelerate the reaction process, and improve the yield of products.
In the field of chemical sensing, 4,4 ', 4' -tris (2-methyl-2-propyl) -2,2 ': 6', 2 '-tripyridine is also useful. Because of its high affinity and selective recognition ability for specific metal ions or molecules, when combined with the target, it will cause changes in its own optical and electrical properties, so as to achieve sensitive detection of specific substances, such as heavy metal ions in environmental monitoring. < Br >
In the field of biomedicine, it can be modified to bind to biomolecules for biological imaging. With the fluorescence properties of its complexes formed with metal ions, it can clearly label specific cells or molecules in organisms, enabling researchers to delve deeper into physiological and pathological processes in organisms.