3-Pyridinesulfonylchloride, hydrochloride

3-Nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid are all common strong acids, each with unique physical properties.
For nitric acid, pure nitric acid is a colorless, volatile, and pungent odor liquid. Its boiling point is low, about 83 ° C, so it is highly volatile. When volatile, nitric acid will form a white mist in the air, which is caused by small droplets of nitric acid. Nitric acid can be miscible with water in any ratio. Nitric acid with a mass fraction higher than 98% is called "fuming nitric acid" because the volatile HNO it forms extremely small droplets of nitric acid when it encounters water vapor in the air.
Hydrochloric acid, that is, an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride, is also a colorless, transparent liquid with a strong pungent odor. Hydrochloric acid is also volatile. When you open the cap of the reagent bottle containing concentrated hydrochloric acid, white mist will appear above the mouth of the bottle. This is because the volatile hydrogen chloride gas combines with water vapor in the air to form small droplets of hydrochloric acid. The mass fraction of commercially available concentrated hydrochloric acid is about 37% - 38%, and the density is about 1.19g/cm ³.
For sulfuric acid, pure sulfuric acid is a colorless, viscous oily liquid with a high boiling point and is difficult to volatilize. The mass fraction of common concentrated sulfuric acid is 98.3%, and the density is 1.84g/cm ³. It is miscible with water in any ratio. Concentrated sulfuric acid will release a lot of heat when it dissolves. When diluting concentrated sulfuric acid, be sure to slowly inject concentrated sulfuric acid into water along the wall of the vessel, and constantly stir with a glass rod to dissipate heat in time. Do not pour water into concentrated sulfuric acid, otherwise it will float on concentrated sulfuric acid because the density of water is less than concentrated sulfuric acid, and concentrated sulfuric acid dissolves in water to exothermic, causing water to boil, causing sulfuric acid droplets to splash, causing danger.
These three have different physical properties and are widely used in many fields such as chemical industry and scientific research.

3 - Nitric acid and nitrous acid are common acids in chemistry, each with unique chemical properties.
Nitric acid, with strong oxidizing properties. When reacting with metals, even if it is an active metal, no hydrogen is produced. Because of its strong oxidation, nitrogen will be reduced, and the product varies according to the concentration of nitric acid and the activity of the metal. Concentrated nitric acid reacts with copper to generate reddish-brown nitrogen dioxide gas with the chemical equation\ (Cu + 4HNO_ {3} (concentrated) = Cu (NO_ {3}) _ {2} + 2NO_ {2}\ uparrow + 2H_ {2} O\); dilute nitric acid reacts with copper to generate colorless nitric oxide gas with the reaction formula\ (3Cu + 8HNO_ {3} (dilute) = 3Cu (NO_ {3}) _ {2} + 2NO\ uparrow + 4H_ {2} O\). In addition, nitric acid can also react with many non-metallic elements in redox reactions, such as with carbon:\ (C + 4HNO_ {3} (concentrated) \ stackrel {\ Delta }{=\!=\!=} CO_ {2}\ uparrow + 4NO_ {2}\ uparrow + 2H_ {2} O\), which can oxidize carbon into carbon dioxide. At the same time, nitric acid is acidic and can react with alkalis and basic oxides to form nitrate and water.
Nitrous acid has poor stability and only exists in dilute solutions. When concentrated solutions or heated, it decomposes into nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide and water. Nitrogen in nitrous acid is + 3 valent and is in the intermediate valence state, so it has both oxidizing and reducing properties. When encountering strong reducing agents, it reflects oxidation. For example, when reacting with potassium iodide, iodine can be generated:\ (2HNO_ {2} + 2KI + 2HCl = 2KCl + I_ {2} + 2NO\ uparrow + 2H_ {2} O\); when encountering strong oxidizing agents, it exhibits reducing properties, such as being oxidized by potassium permanganate. In addition, nitrite reacts with alkali to form nitrite and water, showing its acidity.
Both are important chemical raw materials and are widely used in industrial production, chemical research and other fields. However, due to their active chemical properties, it is necessary to pay attention to safety and follow relevant operating norms when using them.

The main use of 3% boronide and boronide is to provide the raw materials for general chemical synthesis.
Boronide, whose properties are the same, is easy to operate. It is often used to synthesize the raw materials of aldodes and ketones, so that they can be reduced to alcohols. For example, in the synthesis of compounds containing carbonyl groups, boronide can be used to refine the raw materials to obtain the required alcohol. This is an important cornerstone for the synthesis of polymers. In addition, it is also useful for the precipitation of some gold particles, which can precipitate gold particles in solutions, such as gold, oil, etc., and is used for the extraction of materials.
Boronation, which has a higher boronation capacity, is often used in the total synthesis of some natural compounds. In the total synthesis of some natural compounds, the surface has multiple functionalities and requires a specific substrate of the original site. Boronation can improve its original properties and phase properties, and complete the original reaction of the first step. In addition, in the process of some raw materials, boronation can be used in raw gold to obtain materials such as gold borides with special properties. This material has a promising future in catalysis, catalysis, and other fields.
Therefore, boration and boration have played an important role in many aspects such as chemical synthesis, materials science, and gold extraction due to their original properties.

To make a 3-% borax boric acid mixture, the method is as follows:
First, you need to prepare the materials used, borax, boric acid, as well as clean water, measuring device, dissolving device, etc. For borax, it is sodium tetraborate containing crystalline water, and boric acid is white powder crystallization.
First, take an appropriate amount of water with a gauge and put it in the dissolving device. The amount of water depends on the total amount of the mixture to be prepared, and it needs to be carefully measured. This is the basis for ensuring the accurate concentration of the mixture.
Then take the borax and weigh it accurately according to the ratio of 3-%. After weighing, slowly pour the borax into the dissolving device containing water, and stir at a constant speed with a glass rod to help the borax dissolve. When the borax dissolves, or takes a little time, it is necessary to stir patiently until it is completely dissolved in water and the solution is clear and transparent.
Next, weigh the boric acid accurately according to the corresponding proportion. After the boric acid is weighed, add it to the solution of dissolved borax slowly and continue to stir. During the process of dissolving boric acid in water, it is also necessary to stir thoroughly so that the boric acid particles are evenly dispersed in the solution to form a uniform mixture.
During the whole preparation process, stirring must be uniform and continuous, so that the borax and boric acid are evenly mixed. The doser and solver need to be clean and accurate to avoid the mixing of impurities, which will cause the mixture to be impure and affect its properties and uses. In this way, a 3-% borax boric acid mixture can be obtained.

3 - Nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid in storage and transportation, should pay attention to the following details:
Nitric acid, strong oxidizing and corrosive. When storing, it should be stored in brown glass bottles, because it is easy to decompose when exposed to light. And it should be placed in a cool and ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources, to prevent its decomposition from being accelerated due to excessive temperature. Storage should be separated from flammable materials, reducing agents, etc., and must not be mixed, otherwise it may cause violent reactions and cause dangerous accidents. When handling, be sure to handle it lightly to avoid damage to the container and leakage of nitric acid. If it leaks accidentally, rinse it with a large amount of water in an emergency, and then properly dispose of it in accordance with relevant regulations.
Hydrochloric acid is also corrosive. For storage, choose a corrosion-resistant container, such as plastic drums. It should be placed in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place, away from alkalis, active metal powders, etc., because chemical reactions can occur when it encounters them. During transportation, ensure that the container is sealed to prevent it from overflowing due to bumps and vibrations. If there is hydrochloric acid leakage, it can be neutralized by adsorption of sand, dry lime, etc., and then cleaned up.
Sulfuric acid is extremely corrosive, and a lot of heat will be released when diluted. For storing sulfuric acid, a specific acid-resistant container is required, and the container material must be able to withstand the strong corrosion of sulfuric acid. The warehouse should be kept dry and the humidity should not be too high to prevent the sulfuric acid from absorbing water. Sulfuric acid should also be stored separately from flammable materials, reducing agents, and alkalis. For transporting sulfur When diluting sulfuric acid, be sure to slowly pour the sulfuric acid into the water and stir constantly. Never pour water into the sulfuric acid, otherwise the sulfuric acid droplets will splash and easily hurt people.
These three are all dangerous chemicals. During storage and transportation, you must strictly abide by relevant safety regulations and must not slack off to ensure the safety of personnel and the environment.