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3-pyridinecarbonitrile, what are the chemical properties of 5-bromo-2-chloro-
3-Pyridyl formonitrile, 5-bromo-2-chlorine, is also an organic compound. Its physical and chemical properties are unique and have attracted much attention in various fields of chemistry.
Looking at its physical properties, at room temperature, this compound is mostly in a solid state, but its specific appearance may vary depending on purity and crystallization conditions, or it is a white to light yellow powder, or a crystalline state. Melting point and boiling point are key parameters characterizing its physical state transformation. Although the specific values are not detailed, it can be inferred that its melting point should be in a certain temperature range, which depends on the strength of intermolecular forces. The stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher the melting point. Its boiling point is also related to it, reflecting the energy required for the compound to change from liquid to gaseous state.
In terms of chemical properties, the cyano group (-CN), bromine atom (-Br) and chlorine atom (-Cl) in this compound are all active check points. Cyanyl groups are nucleophilic and can participate in many nucleophilic substitution reactions. For example, under appropriate conditions, cyano groups can be hydrolyzed to carboxyl groups (-COOH) to form corresponding pyridine carboxylic acid derivatives. This hydrolysis reaction may be carried out in an acidic or alkaline medium, and the acid-base environment can affect the reaction rate and process.
Both bromine and chlorine atoms are halogen atoms, and the presence of halogen atoms gives the compound the properties of halogenated hydrocarbons. In the nucleophilic substitution reaction, the halogen atom can be replaced by other nucleophilic reagents. If reacted with sodium alcohol, the bromine or chlorine atom can be replaced by alkoxy (-OR) to form ether derivatives. In this reaction, the halogen atom acts as a leaving group, and the leaving ability is related to the type of halogen atom. Generally speaking, the bromine atom is more likely to leave than the chlorine atom, because the stability of bromine ion is higher than that of chloride ion.
In addition, the electron cloud distribution of the pyridine ring also affects the reactivity of the compound. The nitrogen atom on the pyridine ring has a lone pair of electrons, which makes the electron cloud density on the ring uneven, which in turn affects the check point selectivity of the electrophilic substitution reaction. Electrophilic reagents tend to attack the positions with higher electron cloud density on the pyridine ring, such as the β position of the pyridine ring (relative to the nitrogen atom).
3-pyridinonitrile, 5-bromo-2-chloride The physical and chemical properties of this compound determine that it can be used as an important intermediate in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry and other fields, participating in many organic reactions and preparing organic compounds with diverse structures.
3-pyridinecarbonitrile, what are the uses of 5-bromo-2-chloro-
5-Bromo-2-chloro-3-pyridineformonitrile, this substance has a wide range of uses. In the field of pharmaceutical synthesis, it is often a key intermediate. Taking the creation of specific antibacterial drugs as an example, with its unique chemical structure, it can precisely fit with the key targets of bacteria. After a series of delicate reactions, complex compounds with high-efficiency antibacterial activities are constructed, providing powerful means for the treatment of many infectious diseases.
In the field of materials science, it also has outstanding performance. It can participate in the preparation of materials with special optoelectronic properties. For example, in the development of organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) materials, the introduction of this substance can optimize the molecular arrangement and electron transport characteristics of the material, so that the OLED display shows more brilliant colors and higher luminous efficiency, greatly improving the display quality.
In the field of agricultural chemistry, it can be used as an important starting material for the synthesis of new pesticides. Through ingenious chemical modification, pesticides with high selective toxicity to pests, but relatively friendly to the environment and non-target organisms, contribute to the green prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests. Its application in different fields of science and technology, like stars, illuminates the way forward for many research and applications, and helps various fields to reach new heights.
3-pyridinecarbonitrile, what is the synthesis method of 5-bromo-2-chloro-
The method of preparing 3-pyridyl formonitrile and 5-bromo-2-chlorine is very delicate and is described in detail.
First, a suitable starting material needs to be selected, usually a pyridine derivative as the base. First take pyridine, and introduce a halogen atom through a specific substitution reaction. For example, a bromination reagent is used at a specific position in the pyridine ring. This process requires strict control of the reaction conditions, such as temperature, solvent and proportion of reactants. Select a mild brominating agent, such as N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), in an inert solvent, such as carbon tetrachloride, and promote it with an initiator, such as benzoyl peroxide, and heat it to a moderate temperature, so that the bromine atom preferentially attacks the 5-position of the pyridine ring to obtain a 5-bromopyridine derivative.
Then, the resulting product is chlorinated. Chlorination reagents such as sulfoxide chloride (SOCl ²) or phosphorus oxychloride (POCl ²) can be used. In a suitable reaction system, such as in the presence of a catalyst, such as DMF, heating causes the reaction to take place, so that the chlorine atom replaces the hydrogen atom at the 2-position of the pyridine ring to obtain 5-bromo-2-chloropyridine derivatives. At the end of
, a cyanyl group is introduced. The commonly used method involves the reaction of halogenated pyridine derivatives with cyanide reagents such as potassium cyanide (KCN) or cuprous cyanide (CuCN). This reaction may require ligand catalysis to improve the efficiency and selectivity of the reaction. In a suitable organic solvent, heat and stir to successfully replace the halogen atom with a cyanyl group, and finally obtain 3-pyridinitrile and 5-bromo-2-chlorine products After the reaction is completed, the pure target product can be obtained by means of separation and purification, such as column chromatography and recrystallization. The whole synthesis process and the control of the reaction conditions at each step are crucial to the purity and yield of the product.
3-pyridinecarbonitrile, what are the physical properties of 5-bromo-2-chloro-
3-Pyridyl formonitrile, 5-bromo-2-chlorine, its physical properties have been investigated. Looking at its shape, at room temperature, it is mostly in a solid state, and its structure is stabilized due to intermolecular forces. In terms of color, it is often white to off-white, and when it is pure, it is as pure as snow, and the color changes slightly with slight impurities.
When it comes to the melting point, it is about a specific range. Due to the characteristics of the molecular structure, the interaction between atoms requires a specific energy to break the lattice. Its solubility, in organic solvents, such as some polar organic solvents, has a certain degree of solubility, due to the principle of similar miscibility, the molecular polarity matches the solvent and can be dispersed in it; while in water, the degree of solubility is lower, because the overall polarity of the molecule is not completely compatible with water.
density is also an important physical property. Compared with common liquids, it has its own unique value, reflecting the compactness of molecular accumulation. Furthermore, the stability of this substance to photothermal can maintain structural stability within a certain range, but if it exceeds the limit, the molecules may change, resulting in changes in physical properties. In short, the physical properties of 3-pyridinonitrile and 5-bromo-2-chlorine are restricted by molecular structure, and are of great value in chemical research and application.
3-pyridinecarbonitrile, where is 5-bromo-2-chloro used?
3-Pyridyl formonitrile, 5-bromo-2-chlorine is used in many fields. In the field of pharmaceutical creation, it can be used as a key intermediate. The structure of pyridyl and nitrile groups endows compounds with unique chemical and biological activities, while the introduction of bromine and chlorine atoms can adjust molecular polarity, lipid solubility and interaction with biological targets. Using this as a starting material, through a series of chemical reactions, a variety of drug molecules can be constructed, or have pharmacological effects such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor.
In the field of materials science, it is also useful. With its special structure, it can participate in the preparation of functional materials. For example, in the synthesis of organic optoelectronic materials, through rational design and reaction, they can be integrated into the conjugated system to adjust the electronic transport properties and optical properties of the materials, and used in organic Light Emitting Diodes, solar cells and other devices to improve their photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability.
In the research and development of pesticides, it cannot be ignored. Such halogen-containing and nitrile-based pyridine compounds may exhibit high activity and selectivity against specific pests and pathogens. New pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity and environmental friendliness can be created through modification and modification to meet the needs of agricultural production for pest control.
In conclusion, 3-pyridinonitrile and 5-bromo-2-chlorine play an important role in the fields of medicine, materials, and pesticides, providing a key material foundation and broad exploration space for the research and development of many innovative technologies and products.
