3-Fluoropyridine-2-Carboxylic Acid

3-2-Which is the main use of butyric acid?
Butyric acid, also butyric acid, is mainly used. In the field of work, it is often an important synthetic raw material. It can be used to extract butyrate esters, which have a fragrant taste, so they are used in fragrance engineering to give the fragrance of various products, such as food, chemicals and other industries.
In the food industry, butyric acid and its ingredients can be used as food additives. First, it has the effect of preservative, can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, prolong the shelf life of food, so that food can be stored for a longer time without spoilage; second, it can reduce the acidity of food, improve the taste of food, make the taste better, and improve the taste of food.
In terms of food quality, butyric acid also has its important value. Studies have shown that butyric acid and its derivatives may have certain biological activity, and may be effective in the treatment or prevention of certain diseases. For example, in the health of the road, it may help to balance the flora of the road and promote the normal physiological function of the road.
Furthermore, in the field of bioenergy, butyric acid is also injected. Some microorganisms can produce butyric acid in a specific generation, and butyric acid can be transformed into biofuels in one step, providing a new direction for the development of energy. In today's energy shortage, the power of this use cannot be underestimated.

Moreover, butyric acid, with its many properties, plays an important role in many industries, and has a profound impact on labor, daily life and health.

3 - To the second - what is the rationality of butyric acid?
Butyric acid, also known as butyric acid, is a chemical compound. It has the following physical properties:
Under normal conditions, it is an oil-colored liquid, and it emits a pungent and stinky smell, similar to the creamy smell of rot. This smell is very special and easy to identify.

< and the boiling temperature, its melting temperature is low, at -7.9 ° C, so it is not solid. And the boiling temperature is 163.5 ° C, which is not very high.
In terms of solubility, butyric acid has a certain solubility in water. Due to the carboxyl group at one end of its molecule, this group is water-based and can form water molecules. However, its carbon part is hydrophobic, resulting in limited solubility. In addition, butyric acid can be soluble and miscible in ethanol, ether, etc., because its molecules are similar in solubility and follow the principle of similar miscibility.
Furthermore, the density of butyric acid is slightly higher than that of water, and its density is less than 0.9577g/cm ³. If the butyric acid is mixed and placed in water, the butyric acid will settle on the bottom of the water.
Its viscosity is similar to that of ordinary liquids, and its fluidity is acceptable. It is not viscous. And the performance of butyric acid is very good. In an open container, it can be slow, so that its special odor can be dispersed in the surrounding air.
Therefore, the physical properties of butyric acid are affected by its molecular effects, appearance, taste, melting, solubility, density, etc., and each of the compounds has its own characteristics. It needs to be reviewed in the field of chemical research and related engineering.

There are several methods for the synthesis of 3-2-carboxylic acid:
One is esterification. Take the alcohol and the carboxylic acid, add a catalyst such as concentrated sulfuric acid, and heat it together. The hydrogen of the hydroxyl group in the alcohol and the hydroxyl group of the carboxylic group in the carboxylic acid combine to form water, and the rest are connected to form an ester. If ethanol reacts with acetic acid, ethyl acetate can be obtained. This is a common organic synthesis method. The reaction formula is: $CH_ {3} COOH + C_ {2} H_ {5} OH\ underset {\ Delta} {\ overset {concentrated sulfuric acid} {\ rightleftharpoons}} CH_ {3} COOC_ {2} H_ {5} + H_ {2} O $. This reaction is reversible, which is the yield of esters, and can increase the amount of reactants or decrease the amount of products, such as water removal.
The second is the hydrolysis of nitriles. The reaction of halogenated hydrocarbons with cyanides such as sodium cyanide to obtain nitriles, which can be hydrolyzed to obtain carboxylic acids. Taking bromoethane as an example, first react with sodium cyanide: $C_ {2} H_ {5} Br + NaCN\ longrightarrow C_ {2} H_ {5} CN + NaBr $, and the resulting propionitrile is hydrolyzed under acidic or basic conditions, such as under acidic conditions: $C_ {2} H_ {5} CN + 2H_ {2} O + H ^ {+}\ longrightarrow C_ {2} H_ {5} COOH + NH_ {4 }^{+}$ ， Propionic acid can be obtained.
The third is the Grignard reagent method. Halogenated hydrocarbons react with magnesium in anhydrous ether and other solvents to obtain Grignard reagents, Grignard reagents react with carbon dioxide, and then hydrolyze to obtain carboxylic acids. Such as bromobenzene and magnesium to obtain phenyl magnesium bromide, phenyl magnesium bromide is hydrolyzed after reaction with carbon dioxide: $C_ {6} H_ {5} MgBr + CO_ {2}\ longrightarrow C_ {6} H_ {5} COOMgBr $, $C_ {6} H_ {5} COOMgBr + H_ {2} O\ longrightarrow C_ {6} H_ {5} COOH + Mg (OH) Br $, to obtain benzoic acid.
The fourth is oxidation. Some organic matter can be oxidized to obtain carboxylic acid. Such as alcohols, primary alcohols can be gradually oxidized to formaldehyde and then to carboxylic acids under the action of suitable oxidizing agents such as acidic potassium permanganate solution. Take ethanol as an example: $3CH_ {3} CH_ {2} OH + 2KMnO_ {4} + 3H_ {2} SO_ {4}\ longrightarrow 3CH_ {3} COOH + K_ {2} SO_ {4} + 2MnSO_ {4} + 6H_ {2} O $. Algens can also be oxidized to carboxylic acids, such as acetaldehyde oxidized by oxygen under the action of catalyst: $2CH_ {3} CHO + O_ {2}\ underset {catalyst} {\ longrightarrow} {3} COOH $.

In today's market, the price of trihydroxyethylalanine is quite difficult to say in a word. The price often changes due to various reasons, such as the supply and demand of the city, the amount of production, the quality of the quality, as well as the change of luck, the rise and fall of the government, etc., can make it fluctuate.
Looking at the traces of the past, when the demand for this thing in the city is prosperous, if the supply is a little short, the price will rise; on the contrary, if the supply exceeds the demand, the price may drop. There are many producers, and their goods are full of the market, and the price will also go down; there are few producers, and the goods are rare and rare, and the price will be high. And those who are of high quality are all competing to buy, and the price will always be high; those who are inferior in quality are disdainful of many people, and the price will be low.
As for luck, the prosperity of the year and the existence of disasters are all related to the property, and then the price is involved. The rise and fall of the government, such as the severity of taxes and the leniency of regulations, are also variables in the price. Generally speaking, the current price of trihydroxyethylalanine in the market is about tens to hundreds of dollars per catty. However, this is only an approximate number. The market is fickle, and the price is also uncertain. Or when it is high and when it is low, it is difficult to stick to one grid. Businesspeople and seekers should observe the changes in the market and respond to them.

3 - 2 - There are many things to pay attention to when tannic acid is stored and processed. For tannic acid, it is important to pay attention to the temperature of the environment. When tannic acid encounters high temperature, it is easy to dissolve and cause its products to suffer, so it should be stored in the environment. Generally speaking, the temperature should be controlled between 15 ° C and 25 ° C. If the temperature of the environment is high, tannic acid is easily damp, and dampness or the growth of microorganisms will cause it to rot. Therefore, the temperature of the environment should be maintained at 40% - 60%.
Furthermore, tannic acid is sensitive to light. When exposed to light, it will cause photochemical reaction, so that the color and composition of tannic acid can be changed. Therefore, it should be stored in an opaque container and stored in a place protected from light.
It should not be neglected. Tannic acid is oxidized, acid and other substances are divided, because of its special chemical properties. This material is not connected, and it is easy to cause reaction and cause danger. The tools need to be kept clean and dry to avoid other substances being mixed with tannic acid.
In addition, the packaging is also very important. The packaging is dense to prevent the leakage of tannic acid. If tannic acid is released in the packaging, it will not cause waves and pollute the environment, and it is more likely to cause accidents because the person who contacts it does not know its properties. In addition, in order to maintain a good quality of tannic acid during storage and storage, it is necessary to pay attention to the above-mentioned things, and must not be taken away.