3-Cyano-2-chloropyridine

3-Cyano-2-chloropyridine is one of the organic compounds. It is active and has a wide range of uses in the field of organic synthesis.
In terms of chemical properties, this molecule contains a cyanide group (-CN) and a chlorine atom (-Cl), both of which have unique reactivity. Cyanyl groups can undergo various reactions, such as hydrolysis to form carboxyl groups (-COOH), which can be converted into functional groups such as amides (-CONH ²) under appropriate conditions and reagents. This transformation is crucial in the preparation of complex organic molecules containing carboxyl or amide groups.
Furthermore, chlorine atoms are excellent leaving groups for nucleophilic substitution reactions. When encountering nucleophiles, such as alkoxides, amines, etc., chlorine atoms are easily replaced, and new functional groups are introduced to build compounds with more complex structures. This property makes 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine a key intermediate for the synthesis of various organic substances.
In addition, the electron cloud distribution characteristics of the pyridine ring also affect its chemical properties. Pyridine rings have certain aromatic properties, but the presence of nitrogen atoms makes the electron cloud density on the ring uneven, and some positions are more prone to electrophilic substitution or nucleophilic substitution reactions. The interaction of this electron effect with cyano and chlorine atoms gives 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine a unique reaction selectivity, which allows chemists to design and implement specific organic synthesis routes to obtain the target product.

3-Cyano-2-chloropyridine is an important intermediate in organic synthesis. It has a wide range of uses and is used in various fields such as medicine, pesticides, and materials.
In the field of medicine, it is the key raw material for the preparation of a variety of drugs. Due to the special structure of this compound, it is possible to interact with specific targets in organisms. On this basis, molecular structures with specific pharmacological activities can be constructed, such as the synthesis of some antibacterial drugs. 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine is converted into pharmaceutical ingredients that have inhibitory or killing effects on specific bacteria through a series of chemical reactions.
Pesticides also play an important role. It can be used to create new pesticides to resist the invasion of crops by pests and diseases. By modifying and modifying its structure, pesticide varieties with high efficiency, low toxicity and environmentally friendly characteristics have been developed. For example, in the synthesis of some pesticides or fungicides, 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine is an indispensable starting material. After carefully designed reaction paths, active ingredients that can precisely act on pests or pathogens are generated.
In the field of materials science, 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine can participate in the preparation of functional materials. By reacting with other organic or inorganic compounds, materials with special photoelectric properties, thermal stability or mechanical properties are synthesized. For example, in the synthesis of some new polymer materials, the introduction of the compound structural unit can improve the properties of the material, making it suitable for specific application scenarios such as electronic devices and optical materials.
In summary, 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine has shown important application value in many fields due to its unique chemical structure, providing key support for technological progress and product innovation in various fields.

The preparation method of 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine, although it is not directly described in the ancient book Tiangong Kaiwu, can be deduced from the preparation of similar compounds.
To prepare 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine, the common way is to use 2-chloropyridine as the starting material. First, react 2-chloropyridine with a suitable cyanide reagent, such as potassium cyanide (KCN), sodium cyanide (NaCN) and the like. This reaction usually needs to be carried out in suitable solvents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and other polar aprotic solvents, which can help the cyanide reagent to dissolve and facilitate the reaction.
During the reaction, 2-chloropyridine and the cyanide reagent are put into the reaction vessel in a certain proportion, and the reaction is stirred at a suitable temperature. Temperature control is critical, generally under heating conditions, between about 60-120 ° C, depending on the specific reaction situation. During this reaction, cyano (-CN) replaces the position of the chlorine atom in 2-chloropyridine to form 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine.
After the reaction is completed, the product needs to be separated and purified. The commonly used method is to extract the product from the reaction mixture by extraction, using suitable organic solvents, such as ether, ethyl acetate, etc. Then, by distillation, using the difference in the boiling point of each component, the product is further purified, and the unreacted raw materials and by-products are removed, and the final pure 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine is obtained.
In addition, there are other preparation paths. The pyridine ring can be modified first, introducing other groups, and then a series of reactions to gradually introduce cyanyl and chlorine atoms. However, these methods have many steps, and the reaction conditions may be more stringent, requiring fine regulation of each step of the reaction.

3-Cyano-2-chloropyridine is an organic compound. When storing and transporting, pay attention to the following things:
First, the storage place must be cool, dry and well ventilated. This substance is very sensitive to humidity and temperature. High temperature or humid environment is likely to cause chemical reactions to occur, which in turn affects the quality. If placed in a place with high temperature, it may cause accidents such as decomposition; in humid air, it may hydrolyze. Therefore, it should be kept away from direct sunlight and away from heat sources and water sources.
Second, it must be stored separately from oxidants, acids, bases, etc. The chemical properties of 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine are active, and contact with the above substances can easily cause violent chemical reactions, or even cause dangerous situations such as combustion and explosion. For example, acid substances may react with cyano groups and change their chemical structure.
Third, the storage container must be well sealed. Use suitable packaging materials, such as glass bottles, plastic drums, etc., and ensure that the seal is tight to prevent leakage. If leakage occurs, it will not only cause material loss, but also may pose a threat to the environment and human health due to volatilization.
Fourth, during transportation, ensure that the container is fixed and stable to prevent collision and vibration. Violent collision and vibration may cause damage to the container, resulting in leakage. And the transport vehicle should also be equipped with corresponding protective measures, such as fire protection, moisture protection and other equipment.
Fifth, the operator needs to have professional knowledge and skills, familiar with the characteristics of the substance and emergency treatment methods. When handling, it should be handled lightly to avoid brutal operation. In the event of an accident such as a leak, emergency measures should be taken quickly and properly, such as evacuating people, blocking the scene, and handling leaks.

For 3-cyano-2-chloropyridine, the market price range varies from time to time, and also varies according to the quality and supply and demand conditions. In the past, in the chemical industry, the price of such fine chemicals often varied according to their purity and source.
If it is of high purity, and the preparation method is very difficult, and the market demand is ardent, its price will be high. Its price may be hundreds of gold per kilogram, or even more than a thousand gold. Cover because it is used in the pharmaceutical, pesticide and other industries, it is an important raw material, and it is related to the preparation of various medicines. Therefore, there are many people who need it, and it is not easy to produce, and the price is high. < Br >
However, if the method of preparation is gradually simplified, there are many products, and the market demand is slightly delayed, the price may drop. The price per kilogram, or more than a hundred gold, is also unknown. And the market conditions change rapidly, and the price of raw materials, the increase or decrease of labor costs, and political restrictions can all affect the price.
Therefore, if you want to know the exact price, you must consult the merchants in the current market, and observe the supply and demand. It is not possible to generalize, and its price range is determined at a certain definite number.