3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine

3-Bromo-4-cyanopyridine is an organic compound with unique chemical properties.
Looking at its structure, the bromine atom and the cyanyl group are attached to the pyridine ring. The pyridine ring is aromatic, which makes its chemical properties stable. However, due to the presence of bromine and cyanyl groups, it has special reactivity.
The bromine atom is active and can initiate nucleophilic substitution reactions. Under the action of appropriate nucleophilic reagents such as alkoxides and amines, the bromine atom is easily replaced to form new organic compounds. In this reaction mechanism, the nucleophilic reagent provides an electron pair to attack the carbon atom connected to the bromine, and the bromine ion leaves to achieve substitution.
Cyanyl groups also have important reactivity. It can be hydrolyzed into carboxyl groups, which can be converted through a series of reactions under the catalysis of acids or bases. Cyanyl groups can also participate in nucleophilic addition reactions, react with active hydrogen compounds such as alcohols and amines, and expand molecular structures.
3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine has certain stability and solubility due to the conjugated system of pyridine rings, and is well soluble in organic solvents such as dichloromethane, N, N-dimethylformamide.
In the field of organic synthesis, 3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine is often used as a key intermediate for the synthesis of complex drug molecules, functional materials, etc. With its bromine and cyanyl reactivity, it builds a variety of structures and is of great value in organic chemistry research and industrial production.

There are several common methods for the synthesis of 3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine.
First, pyridine is used as the starting material. First, pyridine is brominated. Under appropriate reaction conditions, suitable brominating reagents, such as bromine (Br ²), can be selected under the action of catalysts to brominate specific positions of the pyridine ring, and then bromine atoms are introduced to obtain bromine-containing pyridine derivatives. Subsequently, through cyanation reaction, cyanide reagents, such as cuprous cyanide (CuCN), etc., under suitable solvent and reaction temperature and pressure conditions, promote the replacement of bromine atoms with cyanyl groups, thereby preparing 3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine. This path step is relatively clear, but attention should be paid to the control of reaction conditions to ensure the selectivity and yield of the reaction.
Second, start from the pyridine derivative containing specific substituents. If the starting material is a pyridine derivative with suitable substituents and can be converted to construct the target molecular structure in the subsequent reaction. For example, the substituent on a pyridine derivative can be gradually converted into bromine and cyanyl through a series of reactions. The functional group conversion reaction can be carried out first to change the properties of the substituents, and then the bromine atom and cyanyl group are introduced in sequence, or the cyanyl group is introduced first and then the bromine atom is introduced. The specific order depends on the characteristics of the raw material and the reaction conditions. The key to this method lies in the selection of starting materials and the planning of the reaction sequence of each step to achieve efficient synthesis.
Third, the coupling reaction strategy of transition metal catalysis is used. Bromine-containing pyridine derivatives and cyanide-containing reagents are used with the help of transition metal catalysts, such as palladium (Pd) catalysts. In the presence of ligands, the coupling reaction of the two occurs, and 3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine is directly generated. Such reaction conditions are mild and selective, but the catalyst cost is high, and the purity of the reaction operation and reaction system is also high. The reaction conditions need to be carefully controlled to achieve the ideal yield and product purity.

3-Bromo-4-cyanopyridine is an important compound in the field of organic synthesis, and has extraordinary applications in many fields such as medicinal chemistry, materials science, and agricultural chemistry.
In the field of medicinal chemistry, it can be used as a key intermediate for the synthesis of various biologically active compounds. Due to the unique electronic properties and reactivity of pyridine rings with cyano and bromine atoms, complex molecular structures can be constructed through various chemical reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution and coupling reactions. Many studies have shown that the compounds synthesized from this starting material show significant inhibitory or regulatory effects on specific disease-related targets, or can be developed into new drugs.
In the field of materials science, 3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine also has important uses. Through appropriate chemical reactions, it can be introduced into the main chain or side chain of polymer materials, thus endowing the materials with unique electrical, optical or thermal properties. For example, through specific polymerization reactions, it can participate in the construction of conjugated polymers with special photoelectric properties, which are of great interest in the manufacture of optoelectronic devices such as organic Light Emitting Diodes and solar cells.
In the field of agricultural chemistry, this compound can be used to create new pesticides. Due to its structural properties, it may be derived with compounds that have high inhibitory or killing effects on specific pests and pathogens, and have a small impact on the environment, which is in line with the needs of today's green agriculture development. Through rational molecular design and modification, it is expected to develop safer and more efficient pesticide varieties, providing strong support for pest control in agricultural production.

What you are asking about is the market price of 3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine. However, it is difficult to generalize the market price of this compound, because it is subject to many factors.
First, the cost of raw materials has a significant impact. If the price of various starting materials required for the preparation of this compound varies depending on the origin, season, and supply and demand, the cost of 3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine will also fluctuate, resulting in different selling prices.
Second, the preparation process is difficult to vary. If the preparation process is complicated, high-end equipment and exquisite technology are required, and there are many side reactions and low yield in the process, the production cost will increase and the market price will rise.
Third, the supply and demand situation of the market is also the key. If the compound is in high demand in a certain field at a certain time, but the supply is limited, the merchant may raise the price; conversely, if the supply is abundant and the demand is small, the price may tend to decline.
Fourth, the difference between manufacturers also has an impact. Manufacturers have different cost control and different selling prices due to differences in scale, management and technical level.
To determine the exact market price of 3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine, you can consult the chemical product trading platform, which often has quotations from various merchants for comparison; you can also contact the relevant chemical raw material suppliers directly for accurate price information. It should be noted that the price is not static, and you should pay attention to the market dynamics in real time to grasp the price trend.

3-Bromo-4-cyanopyridine is a chemical commonly used in organic synthesis. Regarding its safety and precautions, the details are as follows:
###Toxicity and Health Hazards
This substance is toxic to a certain extent, or caused by inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. It is irritating to the eyes, skin, and respiratory mucosa. If inadvertently exposed, it can cause local discomfort in light cases, and inflammation and burns in severe cases. Long-term or repeated exposure may damage the human nervous system, liver, kidneys and other important organs, and may also have adverse effects on the reproductive system and development. Therefore, when operating, be sure to take good protection and avoid direct contact.
###Explosion hazard
3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine is flammable, and there is a burning hazard in case of open flames and hot topics. In high temperature environment or contact with strong oxidants, it is easy to cause violent chemical reactions and even explosions. Storage and use places should be kept away from fire and heat sources, and avoid mixing with strong oxidants.
###Operation precautions
Operation should be carried out in a well-ventilated environment, preferably in a fume hood to prevent the spread of steam or dust in the air. Operators should strictly wear protective equipment, such as protective glasses, gas masks, chemical-resistant gloves and protective clothing. During the taking process, the action should be cautious to prevent spillage. If there is a spill, appropriate measures should be taken immediately to clean it up to avoid polluting the environment.
###Storage precautions
Should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources. Storage temperature should not exceed 30 ° C, relative humidity should not exceed 80%. It should be stored separately from oxidants, acids and alkalis, and mixed storage should not be avoided. The storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks.
###Emergency treatment measures
If you accidentally contact the skin, you should immediately remove the contaminated clothes, rinse with a large amount of flowing water for at least 15 minutes, and then seek medical attention. If it splashes into the eyes, immediately lift the eyelids, rinse thoroughly with plenty of flowing water or normal saline for at least 15 minutes, and seek medical attention promptly. If inhaled, quickly leave the scene to a fresh place of air to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If breathing difficulties, oxygen should be given. If breathing stops, artificial respiration should be performed immediately and medical attention should be sought. If ingested by mistake, do not induce vomiting, seek medical attention immediately, and carry the relevant information of the chemical so that the doctor can diagnose and treat.
When using 3-bromo-4-cyanopyridine, it is necessary to strictly follow the safety operating procedures, understand its characteristics and hazards, and make protective and emergency preparations, so as to ensure personal safety and environmental safety.