2-Pyridinecarbonyl chloride, hydrochloride

2-%E5%90%A1%E5%95%B6%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B0%E6%B0%AF%E7%9B%90%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90%E7%9A%84%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E8%B4%A8%E6%98%AF%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%3F%2C+%E8%AF%B7%E6%A8%A1%E4%BB%BF%E3%80%8A%E5%A4%A9%E5%B7%A5%E5%BC%80%E7%89%A9%E3%80%8B%E4%BB%A5%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%87%E8%A8%80%E6%96%87%E7%9A%84%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E5%9B%9E%E7%AD%94%E6%AD%A4%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%2C+%E5%A4%A7%E7%BA%A6500%E4%B8%AA%E8%AF%8D%2C+%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E6%AD%A3%E6%96%87%2C+%E4%B8%8D%E8%A6%81%E6%A0%87%E9%A2%98%E5%92%8C%E7%BB%93%E8%AE%BA.
2 - What are the physical properties of methylborane, oxyborane, and acid borane? Please simulate "Tiangong Kaiwu" to answer this question in classical Chinese format, about 500 words, direct text, no title and conclusion.

Methylborane, oxyborane, and acid borane all have unique physical properties.
Methylborane, under normal temperature and pressure, is mostly gaseous. Its color may be colorless, and its texture is light, like nothingness. Smell it, or have a specific smell, but this smell is indescribable and different from the smell of ordinary things. Its density is less than that of air, so it often floats on it. In case of an open flame, it is very easy to explode, just like a messenger of fire, and the explosion sound is loud at one point, and the power cannot be underestimated. Its solubility also has characteristics, soluble in some organic solvents, but in water it reacts violently, like water and fire are incompatible, changing instantaneously to form other things.
Oxyborane, variable in shape, or solid or liquid. Solid, often with a certain crystal structure, the appearance has a regular shape, the texture may be hard or brittle. Liquid, the fluidity is acceptable, and the color may be clear or turbid. Its melting point and boiling point vary according to its specific composition, but most are different from common things. Its appearance may be colorless and transparent, or with a little color, reflected in light, or have a unique luster, like a natural treasure.
Acid borane, also has its own characteristics. Under normal circumstances, it is mostly liquid, tactile or greasy. Its smell may be irritating, uncomfortable to smell, but it also has a unique chemical charm. Its density is greater or lesser than water, depending on its composition. And it is corrosive, if accidentally touched, the skin will be damaged, like a sharp blade added to the body. It is soluble in water, when dissolved, or accompanied by changes in heat, or warming or cooling, all of which reflect its unique physical properties. Although these three elements all contain boron, they each have their own unique physical properties. In the field of chemistry, each has its own capabilities, which are deeply studied by scholars, used by craftsmen, and play a different role in the world.

2-%E5%90%A1%E5%95%B6%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B0%E6%B0%AF%E7%9B%90%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E6%80%A7%E8%B4%A8%E6%9C%89%E5%A6%82%E4%B8%8B%E5%87%A0%E7%A7%8D:
First, it is acidic. 2-%E5%90%A1%E5%95%B6%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B0%E6%B0%AF%E7%9B%90%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90%E7%9A%84%E5%9F%BA%E5%91%98%E7%BB%84%E6%88%90%E4%B8%AD%E5%90%88%E6%9C%89%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B8%E5%9F%BA, it can neutralize with alkali, taking potassium hydroxide as an example, the reaction between the two will generate corresponding salt and water. This reaction process is like the combination of yin and yang, acid and base blend, interact, and reach a new chemical equilibrium.
Second, it can occur esterification reaction. When it meets with alcohols, under suitable catalytic conditions, it will remove water molecules and form ester compounds. For example, when it reacts with ethanol, it is like two delicate parts are spliced together to form esters with a special aroma. This process reflects the characteristic reaction between functional groups in organic chemistry, like a delicate dance on the chemical reaction stage.
Third, it has reductivity. The specific group in the molecular structure gives it the ability to give electrons under specific conditions, and it can be oxidized by some oxidizing substances. In case of strong oxidant potassium permanganate, the molecular structure will change, and the purple color of potassium permanganate will also fade away, like a chemical "color-changing magic", revealing its inherent reducing nature.
Fourth, it has substitution reactivity. Some atoms or groups in the molecule can be replaced by other atoms or groups. For example, under certain conditions, halogen atoms can replace some hydrogen atoms in their molecules. This process is like an "atomic exchange game" in the chemical world, showing its rich chemical change possibilities, resulting in a variety of chemical products.

To prepare ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate, there are two common methods.
One is the esterification method. Lactic acid and ethanol are taken as raw materials, and strong acids such as sulfuric acid are used as catalysts. Under heating conditions, the esterification reaction occurs between the two. The principle of this reaction is clear. The carboxyl group in lactic acid dehydrates and condenses with the hydroxyl group of ethanol to form ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate and water. However, sulfuric acid is highly corrosive and damages equipment. When the subsequent product is separated, it needs to go through multiple processes such as neutralization and washing with water, and the operation is complicated.
The second is the transesterification method. Methyl lactate and ethanol are selected as reactants, and metal alkoxides or organotin compounds are used as catalysts. The methoxy group of methyl lactate is exchanged with the ethoxy group of ethanol to produce ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate and methanol. This method has mild conditions and does not require high equipment, and the product separation is relatively simple. Methanol has a low boiling point, is easy to steam out, and promotes the positive progress of the reaction. However, the catalyst price may be higher, and recycling needs to be considered to reduce costs.
Both have advantages and disadvantages. In practical application, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as raw material availability, cost, and equipment conditions to choose an appropriate method.

2-% diborane is mainly used in many fields. The following is your guide:
In the field of organic synthesis, diborane has an extraordinary effect. It can be used as a strong reducing agent in the borohydration-oxidation reaction of olefins. The alkene reacts with diborane to form alkyl boron, and then oxidizes in a basic solution of hydrogen peroxide to obtain alcohols. This reaction has a high degree of regioselectivity and follows the anti-Markov rule. It can obtain alcohols with specific structures, providing a precise path for organic synthesis. For example, the preparation of certain fatty alcohols with special structures, diborane is very useful.
In the field of materials science, diborane also has important applications. It is often used in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes to prepare boron-containing thin film materials. These films are widely used in semiconductor devices, optical coatings, etc. For example, in semiconductor manufacturing, boron-containing films can be used as dopants to change the electrical properties of semiconductors and optimize device performance and function.
In the field of fuels, diborane also has unique characteristics. Due to its high combustion heat, it can theoretically be used as a high-energy fuel. In fields with special energy requirements such as aerospace, the high-energy properties of diborane have attracted much attention. Although practical applications are limited due to safety and storage issues, research and exploration have never stopped. It is hoped that after solving the problem in the future, new options can be provided for special power needs.
In addition, in the preparation of boron compounds, diborane is a key raw material. Using diborane as the starting material, a variety of boron compounds can be prepared through a series of reactions, such as sodium borohydride and other important reducing agents. These boron compounds are widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries.
In summary, diborane plays an important role in organic synthesis, materials science, fuels and boron compound preparation, and is of great significance to promote the development of related fields.

2-%E5%90%A1%E5%95%B6%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B0%E6%B0%AF%E7%9B%90%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90%E5%9C%A8%E5%82%A8%E5%AD%98%E5%92%8C%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%85%E9%A1%BB%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F%E4%B8%8B%E5%88%97%E4%BA%8B%E9%A1%B9:
- ** 5. 1%E5%82%A8%E5%AD%98%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F**: It should be placed in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources. Because of its flammability, it can cause combustion and explosion in case of open flames and hot topics. And it should be stored separately from oxidants and acids, and should not be mixed to prevent violent chemical reactions.
- ** 5. 2%E5%82%A8%E5%AD%98%E8%A6%81%E6%B1%82**: The storage area should be equipped with suitable containment materials so that it can be dealt with in time when leakage occurs to prevent its spread from causing greater harm. At the same time, obvious warning signs should be set up to remind personnel of its danger.
- ** 5. 3%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93%E6%97%B6%E9%9C%80%E7%9F%A5%E6%98%93**: During transportation, ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall, or damage. The trough (tank) car used during transportation should have a grounding chain, and holes can be baffled in the trough to reduce shock and generate static electricity. It is strictly forbidden to mix and transport with oxidants, acids, edible chemicals, etc. During transportation, it should be protected from exposure to the sun, rain, and high temperature. Stopover should be away from fire, heat sources, and high temperature areas. Vehicle exhaust pipes must be equipped with fire resistance devices, and it is forbidden to use mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to sparks for loading and unloading. Road transportation should follow the prescribed route, and do not stop in residential areas and densely populated areas. It is forbidden to slip during railway transportation.