2-HYDROXY-5-NITROPYRIDINE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID

2-Hydroxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylic acid, this substance has a wide range of uses. In the field of medicine, it can be used as a key intermediate to synthesize drugs with special pharmacological activities. Due to the unique structure of this compound, it can interact with specific targets in organisms, and then exert therapeutic effects. For example, in the development of anti-tumor drugs, the nitro and pyridine ring parts of its structure may participate in the binding of tumor cell-related proteins, interfering with the growth and proliferation of tumor cells.
In the field of pesticides, it also has important uses. It can be used as a raw material to prepare high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides. The structure of the pyridine ring endows the compound with certain stability and biological activity. The presence of hydroxyl and nitro groups may enhance its poisoning effect against pests or bacteria, and because of its structural characteristics, it may be more friendly to the environment, degrade faster, and reduce residual hazards.
In materials science, 2-hydroxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylic acids also show potential uses. It can participate in the synthesis of some functional materials, such as for the preparation of chemical sensor materials with selective recognition ability for specific substances. Through its specific interaction with the target substance, the optical and electrical properties of the material are changed, so as to realize the detection of the target substance.
In addition, in the field of organic synthetic chemistry, it is often used as a starting material or key intermediate for the construction of more complex organic molecules. Because of its various functional groups, it can be derived through a series of organic reactions, such as esterification, amidation, nucleophilic substitution, etc. Organic compounds with diverse structures provide rich materials for the research and development of organic synthetic chemistry.

The properties of 2-hydroxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylic acid are particularly important and are relevant in many fields. Its appearance is often in a crystalline state, and the color may be light yellow to white, and the microscopic shape is regular.
As far as the melting point is concerned, it has been accurately determined to be in a specific temperature range. This characteristic is the key basis for identifying its purity and characteristics. In terms of solubility, the degree of solubility in water is limited, but when encountering polar organic solvents, such as alcohols and ketones, it can show a certain solubility, which has a great impact on its preparation and application.
Its stability cannot be ignored, and it is still stable under conventional environmental conditions. However, in the environment of high temperature, strong acid, and strong base, it is easy to cause chemical reactions, and the structure may be damaged. For example, in a strong acid medium, its pyridine ring structure may be protonated, causing molecular properties to change; in a strong base environment, the carboxyl group may form a salt, and the hydroxyl group may also participate in the reaction, affecting its original properties.
In addition, 2-hydroxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylic acids are acidic, because they contain carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, and can release protons under suitable conditions. This acidic property plays a key role in chemical synthesis and some biochemical reactions, and can be used as an acidic catalyst or participate in acid-base balance adjustment related processes.

2-Hydroxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylic acid, this is an organic compound with specific chemical properties. Its properties may be crystalline solids, due to the presence of carboxyl (-COOH), hydroxyl (-OH) and nitro (-NO ³) functional groups, the chemical activity is quite rich.
The carboxyl group is acidic and can react with bases to form corresponding carboxylate salts. For example, in the case of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 2-hydroxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylate sodium salt and water will be formed. This reaction is like a play of acid-base neutralization, where the hydrogen atom in the carboxyl group is replaced by sodium ions.
Hydroxyl groups can also participate in many reactions. Under appropriate conditions, esterification reactions can occur, combining with alcohols to form esters. Just like the reaction with ethanol, 2-ethoxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylate ethyl ester and water are formed. This process is like a molecular recombination dance.
Nitro groups give the compound a certain degree of oxidation. Under certain reduction conditions, nitro groups can be reduced to amino groups (-NH2O) and turned into 2-hydroxy-5-aminopyridine-3-carboxylic acids. This transformation is like a magical transformation on the chemical stage.
In addition, due to the presence of a conjugated system in the molecular structure, the compound may exhibit certain optical properties, such as absorption properties under specific wavelengths of light. In the field of organic synthesis, it may serve as a key intermediate for the construction of more complex pyridine derivatives, adding to the magnificent building blocks of organic chemistry.

The method of synthesizing 2-hydroxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylic acid has been explored by many parties throughout the ages, and the number of common ones is described.
First, pyridine compounds are used as starting materials. First, a suitable pyridine derivative is taken, and under specific conditions, a specific position on the pyridine ring is nitrified. Usually, a mixed acid system of nitric acid and sulfuric acid can be selected to precisely adjust the reaction temperature, time and reagent ratio. Introduce nitro at a suitable check point of the pyridine ring to obtain a pyridine derivative containing nitro. Then, the hydroxylation reaction can be carried out, and the corresponding position of the nitropyridine derivative can be hydroxylated with the help of an appropriate nucleophilic reagent under the catalysis of a suitable base. This process requires careful control of the reaction conditions to prevent side reactions from breeding. Finally, through the carboxylation reaction, a carboxyl group is introduced, usually carbon dioxide as a carboxyl source, and the carboxylation is completed in a metal catalyst and a suitable solvent to obtain 2-hydroxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylic acid.
Second, other compounds containing nitrogen heterocycles are used as starting materials. Nitrogen-containing heterocycles with suitable substituents can be selected, and pyridine rings can be constructed through multi-step reactions and the desired functional groups can be introduced. The cyclization reaction is first used to construct the pyridine ring. In this step, the appropriate catalyst and reaction conditions are selected according to the structure of the starting material and the reaction mechanism to ensure the accuracy of the construction of the pyridine ring. Subsequently, nitrification, hydroxylation and carboxylation reactions are carried out in sequence. Each step requires fine regulation of the reaction parameters to ensure that the reaction proceeds according to the expected path to achieve the purpose of synthesizing the target product.
Third, biosynthesis is used. With the help of the catalytic properties of microorganisms or enzymes. The microbial strains with specific catalytic ability were screened or the corresponding enzymes were isolated, and the microorganisms were fed with suitable substrates or in vitro enzyme catalysis system. The enzymatic reaction in vivo was used to achieve the synthesis of 2-hydroxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylic acid gently and efficiently. This method is mild and environmentally friendly, but in-depth research and optimization of microbial culture conditions or enzyme catalysis system is required to improve the yield and purity of the product.

The price range of 2-hydroxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylic acid in the market is difficult to say exactly. The price of this chemical often fluctuates due to many factors.
First, the cost of raw materials has a great impact on its price. If the raw materials required to prepare this acid are scarce, or the cost of obtaining and refining it is high, the price of the finished product will also rise.
Second, the ease of production process is also a key factor. If the production of this compound requires complex, delicate and costly processes, such as specific reaction conditions, high-end equipment, or multi-step reaction processes, the price will rise.
Third, the market supply and demand relationship also affects its price. If the market has strong demand for this acid and the supply is relatively insufficient, the merchant will raise the price; on the contrary, if the supply is abundant and the demand is limited, the price will tend to drop.
Fourth, the difference between manufacturers and brands will also make the price different. Well-known manufacturers, due to their emphasis on quality control and high product purity, their product prices may be higher than those of ordinary manufacturers.
According to the previous "Tiangong Kaiwu", the prices of various products are volatile for various reasons. Similarly, the price of 2-hydroxy-5-nitropyridine-3-carboxylic acid, or due to the above factors, fluctuates in the market, and its price range may be difficult to determine, which needs to be explored in detail according to the current specific market conditions. Generally speaking, its price may vary within a large range due to factors such as raw materials, processes, supply and demand, and brands, making it difficult to give an exact price range directly.