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What is the main use of 2-ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine?
2-Ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine, the Chinese name is often 2-ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine, which is widely used.
In the field of organic synthesis, it is a key building block for the construction of complex organic molecular structures. In the carbon-carbon bond formation reaction, such as the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction, it can be used as a partner of electrophilic or nucleophilic reagents to react with halogenated aromatics, halogenated olefins and other compounds, thereby constructing a diverse carbon-carbon skeleton, which has important applications in the total synthesis of natural products, medicinal chemistry and materials science.
In the field of drug development, this compound can be used to create molecules with specific biological activities. By modifying its pyridine ring and boroester group, the physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic properties and biological activities of the molecule can be optimized, which can help to develop new therapeutic drugs, such as potential therapeutic drugs for certain cancers and neurological diseases.
In the field of materials science, it can be used to synthesize functional organic materials. Due to its unique electronic properties and reactivity, it can participate in the construction of materials with special photoelectric properties, such as organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) materials, organic solar cell materials, etc., providing a way for the development of new high-performance materials.
2-ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine plays an indispensable role in the fields of organic synthesis, drug development and materials science, providing key support for many scientific research and practical applications.
What are the synthesis methods of 2-ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine
The synthesis methods of 2-ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine (2-ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine) are as follows.
One is the esterification reaction of boric acid catalyzed by palladium. Using 2-ethyl-5-halopyridine and bis (pinacolato) diboron as raw materials, under the action of palladium catalysts (such as Pd (dppf) Cl ³, etc.), ligands (such as tri-tert-butylphosphine, etc.) and bases (such as potassium carbonate, potassium acetate, etc.), the reaction is heated in suitable organic solvents (such as dioxane, toluene, etc.). The reaction mechanism is that the halogen atom of halopyridine is first oxidized and added to the palladium catalyst, then transmetallized with the bisphenacolato boron, and finally eliminated by reduction to form the target product. The advantages are that the reaction conditions are relatively mild, the yield is quite high, and the substrate applicability is wide, and different halogenated pyridines can be applied.
The second is to react with boron-containing reagents through metal-organic reagents. For example, first react with 2-ethyl-5-lithium pyridine or 2-ethyl-5-magnesium pyridine (Grignard reagent) with pinacol borane. This reaction needs to be carried out at a low temperature and in an anhydrous and oxygen-free environment, because the metal-organic reagents are extremely active. In the reaction, the carbon-metal bond of the metal-organic reagent attacks the boron atom of pinacol borane, and then generates the target product. The key to this method lies in the preparation of metal-organic reagents and the precise control of reaction conditions. The advantage is that the steps are relatively simple, and carbon-boron bonds can be directly constructed.
The third is to utilize the functional group transformation of pyridine derivatives. First, 2-ethylpyridine is properly functionalized, a suitable substituent is introduced, and then it is converted into the target product through a multi-step reaction. Although this approach is complicated, the pyridine ring can be modified according to specific needs to obtain a product with a specific structure.
The above methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In actual synthesis, the most suitable synthesis method should be selected according to the availability of raw materials, reaction conditions, purity and yield of the target product.
What are the physicochemical properties of 2-ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine
2-Ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine is an important compound in organic synthesis. Its physical and chemical properties are as follows:
Looking at its appearance, it is mostly solid at room temperature and pressure, but it will also be affected by impurities and crystalline morphology. If the purity is quite high and the crystallization is good, it is usually a white to off-white solid with a fine texture.
When it comes to melting point, due to specific interactions within the molecule, such as the action of boron-oxygen bonds, van der Waals forces between pyridine rings and substituents, etc., the melting point is within a certain range. However, the specific value will vary depending on the measurement method, instrument accuracy and sample purity, roughly between 80-100 ° C.
In terms of boiling point, the relative molecular mass and intermolecular forces of this compound have a great influence on it. Due to the relatively small pyridine ring in the molecule, and the large 2-ethyl and 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl substituents, the intermolecular forces are complex. Its boiling point may be around 300-350 ° C, but this value will also fluctuate due to changes in external conditions. < Br >
In terms of solubility, its molecular structure has both polar and non-polar parts, which is quite unique in organic solvents. In polar organic solvents, such as dichloromethane, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran (THF), etc., the solubility is quite good. This is because the nitrogen atom of the pyridine ring can form hydrogen bonds with the solvent molecule, and the boroxy heterocyclic part can also interact with the polar solvent. In water, due to its large non-polar substituents, the solubility is relatively poor, but to a certain extent, the weak hydrophilicity of the pyridine ring makes the compound still very small in water.
In terms of stability, it is relatively stable under conventional conditions. However, due to the existence of boron atoms, reactions may occur when encountering strong oxidizing agents, strong acids or strong bases. For example, in a strong acid environment, the boron-oxygen bond may be broken by protonation; under strong base conditions, the nitrogen atom of the pyridine ring may undergo reactions such as nucleophilic substitution. In addition, light and high temperature may also affect its stability, and reactions such as rearrangement may occur within the molecule at high temperature.
What is the price range of 2-ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine in the market?
I think what you are asking is about the market price range of "2-ethyl-5 - (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine". However, the price of this product is difficult to determine, and it is affected by many factors.
First, the price of raw materials. If the raw materials required to synthesize this compound are scarce or expensive, the price of the finished product will be high. Second, the difficulty of preparation. If the synthesis process is complicated, high-end equipment and exquisite skills are required, the cost will also increase greatly, and the price will be high. Third, the supply and demand relationship in the market, if there are many people who need it and there are few people who supply it, the price will rise; on the contrary, if the supply exceeds the demand, the price will decline.
As far as I know, in the ordinary chemical raw material market, if such compounds are of ordinary purity, the price per gram may be between tens and hundreds of yuan. However, if their purity is extremely high, reaching the level of scientific research, or used in special fields, the price may exceed 1,000 yuan per gram.
Or due to market fluctuations and regional differences, the price will also vary. In prosperous places, due to logistics, demand and other factors, the price may be slightly higher; in remote places, although the cost may be low, the price may not be low due to transportation and other reasons.
And the price of chemical products often changes over time. The turbulence of the raw material market and the adjustment of policies can cause their prices to fluctuate. Therefore, to know the exact price, you need to consult a professional chemical product supplier or refer to the recent market transaction records to obtain a more accurate price range.
What are the storage conditions for 2-ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine?
2 - ethyl - 5 - (4,4,5,5 - tetramethyl - 1,3,2 - dioxaborolan - 2 - yl) pyridine is an important compound in organic chemistry, and its storage conditions are crucial, which is related to its stability and quality.
This compound usually needs to be stored in a low temperature environment, generally -20 ° C. Low temperature can effectively slow down the thermal movement of molecules, reduce the rate of chemical reactions, and then inhibit adverse reactions such as decomposition and deterioration. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the storage environment is dry. Because it is quite sensitive to moisture, moisture can easily cause reactions such as hydrolysis and destroy the molecular structure, so it should be placed in a dryer or a desiccant should be added to maintain the dry environment.
Furthermore, care should be taken to avoid light. Light will provide energy, trigger photochemical reactions, and affect the stability of compounds. It should be stored in dark containers such as brown bottles to prevent light.
The use process also needs to be cautious, try to shorten the contact time with air, and operate quickly to prevent moisture, oxygen, etc. in the air from reacting with it. Following the above storage conditions, the quality and stability of 2-ethyl-5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) pyridine can be maintained to the maximum extent to meet the needs of various experiments and production.