2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine

2-Bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine is a halogenated pyridine-containing compound. Its physical properties are quite important and are related to the application of this compound in different fields.
Looking at its appearance, at room temperature and pressure, this compound is usually in a crystalline solid state. This solid state shape makes it convenient for storage and transportation. Because it is relatively stable, it is not easy to flow or evaporate at will.
In terms of melting point, this compound has a specific melting point value. Determination of melting point is a key means to identify and purify this compound. When it is heated and the temperature gradually rises to the melting point, the compound gradually changes from solid state to liquid state. Accurate determination of the melting point can effectively determine the purity of the compound. If there are few impurities, the melting point will tend to the theoretical value; if there are many impurities, the melting point will be reduced and the melting range will become wider.
Boiling point is also one of the important physical properties. Under specific pressure conditions, 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine is heated to the boiling point, and it will change from liquid to gaseous state. Knowing the boiling point is of great significance in separation and purification operations such as distillation. The compound can be separated from the mixture according to the difference in boiling point.
The solubility cannot be ignored either. This compound often exhibits good solubility in organic solvents such as dichloromethane and chloroform. This property makes it possible to select a suitable organic solvent in the organic synthesis reaction, providing a good medium environment for the reaction, and promoting sufficient contact between the reactants and the reaction. However, in water, its solubility is poor, because the molecular structure of the compound makes it difficult to form an effective interaction with water molecules.
In addition, density is also one of its physical properties. By measuring the density, it is helpful to quantify and analyze the compound in practice. Under different temperatures and pressures, the density may vary slightly, which needs to be taken into account in practical applications. The physical properties of this compound, such as its appearance, melting point, boiling point, solubility, and density, play a key role in many fields such as organic synthesis, drug discovery, and materials science, providing a solid foundation for its rational application and in-depth research.

2-Bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine is an organic compound with unique chemical properties and great value for investigation.
As far as nucleophilic substitution is concerned, the halogen atoms on the pyridine ring of this compound can be used as leaving groups due to the presence of bromine, chlorine and iodine atoms. Because the iodine atom has the strongest leaving ability, under suitable conditions, nucleophilic reagents are prone to attack the check point connecting iodine atoms on the pyridine ring, resulting in nucleophilic substitution reactions to generate new organic compounds. For example, if sodium alcohol is used as a nucleophilic reagent, corresponding ether compounds can be generated.
In the redox reaction, the pyridine ring has a certain electron cloud density distribution. When confronted with a suitable oxidant, the pyridine ring can be oxidized, resulting in a change in the structure of the electron cloud on the ring, further affecting the activity of the halogen atoms connected to it. On the contrary, under the action of the reducing agent, the pyridine ring may be reduced, causing the chemical properties of the entire molecule to change.
In addition, the halogen atom of 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine can also participate in the metal-catalyzed coupling reaction. Under the catalysis of palladium, it can be coupled with compounds containing borate esters to form carbon-carbon bonds. This reaction is often used in organic synthesis to construct complex molecular structures and is widely used in drug synthesis, material chemistry and other fields.
Because its molecules contain a variety of halogen atoms, the reactivity of each halogen atom varies under different reaction conditions. By precisely regulating the reaction conditions, such as temperature, solvent, catalyst, etc., a certain halogen atom can be selectively promoted to participate in the reaction, providing more flexibility and selectivity for the design of organic synthesis routes, and then synthesizing organic compounds with specific structures and functions.

The common synthesis methods of 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine are generally as follows.
One is the halogenation reaction method. Pyridine is used as the initial raw material, because of the electronic effect of nitrogen atoms, the activities of different positions on the pyridine ring are different. After the bromination reaction, under appropriate conditions, such as using liquid bromine as the bromine source, under the action of catalysts such as iron powder or iron tribromide, bromine atoms can replace hydrogen atoms at specific positions on the pyridine ring to form bromine-containing pyridine derivatives. Then, the chlorination reaction is carried out under different reaction conditions, the appropriate chlorination agent is selected, such as phosphorus oxychloride, etc., the reaction temperature, time and the ratio of the reactants are adjusted, and the chlorine atom can be replaced at a specific position. Then, in a similar way, the iodine agent such as iodine elemental substance and suitable co-reagents are used to realize the substitution of iodine atom, so as to obtain the target product 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodine pyridine.
The second is the metal catalytic coupling method. First, the intermediate of the pyridine derivative containing different halogen atoms can be prepared, and the pyridine derivative containing bromine, chlorine and iodine can be obtained from the pyridine through different halogenation steps. Then, the coupling reaction catalyzed by metal, such as the coupling reaction catalyzed by palladium. With the help of suitable palladium catalysts, such as tetra (triphenylphosphine) palladium, ligands, pyridine derivatives containing different halogen atoms are coupled in an alkaline environment. Controlling the reaction conditions, including temperature, type and dosage of bases, etc., prompts the coupling reaction of halogen atoms at specific positions, and gradually builds the target molecular structure, and finally synthesizes 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodine pyridine.
The third is the functional group conversion method. First, pyridine is used as the starting material, and a substituent that can be converted into a functional group is introduced. If a suitable protective group is introduced to protect a specific position of the pyridine ring, and then a series of reactions are carried out to transform other positions into functional groups. For example, first introduce easily substituted groups, through nucleophilic substitution reactions, etc., introduce bromine, chlorine, and iodine atoms in sequence, and finally remove the protective groups. After appropriate post-treatment, pure 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine can be obtained. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and need to be selected according to the actual situation.

2-Bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine is useful in the fields of medicinal chemistry, materials science and organic synthesis.
In medicinal chemistry, it is a key synthetic building block. Starting with it, chemists can produce a variety of biologically active compounds, such as antibacterial, antiviral and anti-tumor agents. Due to the presence of halogen atoms in its structure, it can interact with specific targets in organisms. Through halogen bonds and other modes of action, it affects the function of proteins and nucleic acids, and then shows the potential to treat diseases.
In the field of materials science, 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine also plays an important role. It can be used to prepare organic optoelectronic materials. Its halogen atoms endow molecules with unique electronic properties and can regulate the photoelectric properties of materials, such as fluorescence emission, charge transport, etc. By precisely manipulating the molecular structure, high-performance materials suitable for Light Emitting Diodes, solar cells and other devices can be prepared.
In the field of organic synthesis, this compound is an important cornerstone for the construction of complex organic molecules. The reactivity of halogen atoms is different, and chemists can use them in sequence. Through nucleophilic substitution, coupling and other reactions, carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-heteroatom bonds can be cleverly constructed to achieve efficient synthesis of target molecules. Whether it is building natural product analogs or designing a new organic molecular skeleton, 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine can play a key role in helping organic synthesis chemists to create complex molecules and promote the progress of organic synthesis chemistry.

2-Bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine is an organic compound that may have important uses in chemical, pharmaceutical, and other fields. However, its market price often fluctuates due to a variety of factors, making it difficult to generalize.
In terms of raw material costs, the prices of halides such as bromine, chlorine, iodine, and pyridine derivatives will affect the production cost of 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine. If the supply of raw materials is sufficient and the price is low, the cost of the product may be reduced, which in turn affects the market price.
The production process is also a key factor. Complex and difficult synthesis processes may require high-end equipment and professional technicians, resulting in increased production costs and corresponding increases in market prices. On the contrary, if there is a simple and efficient production process, the cost will be reduced and the price may be more affordable.
Market supply and demand following pair prices have a significant impact. If the market has strong demand for 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine and limited supply, its prices tend to rise; if market demand is low and there is excess supply, prices may fall.
The quality and purity of 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine produced by different manufacturers vary, which will also affect the price. High-purity products are often used in high-end fields such as pharmaceutical research and development, and the price is relatively high; while those with slightly lower purity are used in general chemical production, and the price may be lower.
In addition, factors such as market competition, transportation costs, policies and regulations will also affect the market price of 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-iodopyridine. Therefore, in order to know its exact market price, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the above factors and pay attention to market dynamics in real time.