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What are the synthesis methods of 2,6-dimethyl-3-bromopyridine?
The synthesis method of 2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne is often obtained by the chemical synthesis of alkynes. The following detailed ways are described:
First, alkylation reaction. The alkylation of alkynides is a commonly used method. First, propargyne reacts with sodium amide to form sodium alkynide. Propargyne has active hydrogen, and when it encounters sodium amide, this hydrogen is replaced by sodium to obtain sodium alkynide. After the sodium alkynide reacts with 1-bromopentane, according to the SN2 mechanism, the bromine of bromopentane is replaced by alkynyl, and 2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne is obtained. This reaction condition requires anhydrous and oxygen-free, and the solvent is often anhydrous ether or tetrahydrofuran to ensure a smooth reaction.
Second, through the reaction of Grignard reagents. First prepare an appropriate Grignard reagent, such as isopropyl magnesium bromide. It can be obtained by reacting magnesium with isopropyl bromide in anhydrous ethyl ether. At the same time, another alkynyl-containing halogenated hydrocarbons, such as 3-bromo-1-hexyne, are prepared. The isopropyl magnesium bromide is reacted with 3-bromo-1-hexyne, and the isopropyl group of Grignard's reagent is connected to the alkynyl group to form a new carbon-carbon bond, and then the target product 2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne is formed. This reaction also needs to be strictly anhydrous, and the reaction temperature and time need to be precisely controlled.
Third, the coupling reaction. Sonogashira coupling reaction can be used. Using 2-bromo-5-methylhexane and 3-hexyne as raw materials, the coupling occurs under the action of palladium catalysts (such as Pd (PPh)), copper salts (such as CuI) and bases (such as triethylamine). The palladium catalyst activates halogenated hydrocarbons to form carbon-carbon bonds with alkynes in an alkaline environment, resulting in 2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-pyrene heptyl. Such reaction conditions are mild and highly selective, but the catalyst cost is relatively high.
There are many methods for synthesizing 2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. In practical application, the optimal method is selected according to the comprehensive consideration of factors such as raw material availability, cost, reaction conditions and product purity.
What are the main uses of 2,6-dimethyl-3-bromopyridine?
2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne is an organic compound that has important uses in many fields.
First, in the field of organic synthesis, its role is significant. As a key organic synthesis intermediate, it can participate in a series of chemical reactions to prepare organic compounds with more complex structures and unique functions. For example, it can interact with other compounds containing functional groups through specific reactions to achieve the growth of carbon chains or introduce other functional groups, and then build multi-ring systems or special structure organic molecules, laying the foundation for the synthesis of new drugs, natural products, etc.
Second, in the field of materials science, 2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne also has certain value. It can be used as a starting material for the preparation of special properties polymer materials. Through polymerization or copolymerization with other monomers, polymer materials are endowed with unique properties, such as improving the thermal stability and mechanical properties of materials, making the materials suitable for aerospace, electronic devices and other fields that require strict material properties.
Third, in the fine chemical industry, this compound is often used to synthesize various fine chemicals. In the synthesis of products such as fragrances and dyes, it can be used as a starting reactant or an important intermediate to change its structure through chemical reactions, imparting specific aroma or color characteristics to fine chemicals, and meeting the market demand for diverse fine chemicals.
In summary, 2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne plays an indispensable role in the fields of organic synthesis, materials science and fine chemistry with its unique chemical structure, promoting the continuous development and innovation of these fields.
What are the physical properties of 2,6-dimethyl-3-bromopyridine?
2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne is an organic compound with unique physical properties. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature and pressure. Due to the carbon-carbon triple bond, the intermolecular force is small, and the boiling point is relatively low, about 130-135 ° C. It is insoluble in water, but it can be miscible with many organic solvents, such as ether, carbon tetrachloride, etc. Due to the similar miscibility principle, it is a non-polar molecule, and most organic solvents are non-polar or weakly polar.
2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne has a density lower than that of water, and will float in water. Due to the high density of the carbon-carbon triple bond electron cloud, it has a certain attraction to protons, so it is weakly acidic, but its acidity is much weaker than that of common inorganic acids and carboxylic acids.
Furthermore, the compound is chemically active due to its unsaturated carbon-carbon triple bond, and can undergo reactions such as addition and oxidation. Under suitable conditions, it can perform addition reactions with hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides, etc. In case of strong oxidants, such as potassium permanganate acidic solution, the carbon-carbon triple bond will be oxidized, causing molecular structure changes.
In the field of organic synthesis, 2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne, as an important intermediate, can construct complex organic molecules through a series of reactions, providing key starting materials for drug and material synthesis, etc. It is of great significance in organic chemistry research and industrial production.
What are the chemical properties of 2,6-dimethyl-3-bromopyridine?
2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne, which is an organic alkyne compound. Its chemical properties are as follows:
1. ** Addition reaction **:
- Addition to hydrogen, under the action of appropriate catalysts such as lindela catalyst, can be partially hydrogenated to form cis-olefins; if platinum, palladium and other catalysts are used and under sufficient hydrogen conditions, they will be completely hydrogenated to form alkanes. If reacted with hydrogen, Mr. forms 2,6-dimethyl-3-heptene, and further reacts to form 2,6-dimethyl-heptylene. The relevant reaction formula is as follows:
\ [C_ {9} H_ {16} + H_ {2}\ xrightarrow [] {lindra catalyst} C_ {9} H_ {18}\]
\ [C_ {9} H_ {16} + 2H_ {2}\ xrightarrow [] {platinum or palladium} C_ {9} H_ {20}\]
- Addition to halogen, which can be added to bromine water or chlorine gas, causing bromine water or chlorine water to fade. Taking the reaction with bromine water as an example, the corresponding dibromogen is generated. The reaction formula is:
\ [C_ {9} H_ {16} + 2Br_ {2}\ longrightarrow C_ {9} H_ {16} Br_ {4}\]
- Addition to hydrogen halide follows the Markov rule. If added to hydrogen chloride, hydrogen atoms are added to unsaturated carbon atoms containing more hydrogen to generate 2-chloro-2,6-dimethyl-3-heptene, and the addition can be continued to obtain 2,2-dichloro-2,6-dimethylheptane.
2. ** Oxidation reaction **:
- When oxidized by strong oxidants such as potassium permanganate, the triple bond of alkynes will break. If the triple bond is in the middle of the carbon chain, products such as carboxylic acids or carbon dioxide will be formed. For example, 2,6-dimethyl-3-heptyne is oxidized by acidic potassium permanganate solution, and a variety of carboxylic acid products can be formed.
3. ** Polymerization reaction **: Under certain conditions, alkynes can polymerize to form polymer compounds, but compared with alkenes, the polymerization reaction of alkynes is more difficult to occur.
4. ** Reaction of alkyne hydrogen **: Since the hydrogen atom in the alkyne is directly connected to the three-bonded carbon atom has a certain acidity, it can react with active metals such as sodium to generate sodium alkyne and hydrogen. The reaction formula is:
\ [C_ {9} H_ {16} + 2Na\ longrightarrow C_ {9} H_ {14} Na_ {2} + H_ {2}\ uparrow\]
What is the price range of 2,6-dimethyl-3-bromopyridine in the market?
2% 2C6-dimethyl-3-heptyne is in the market, and its price range is difficult to determine. The change of prices depends on multiple ends. If the supply of goods is abundant, the difficulty of production is easy, and the market needs the rise and fall.
When the supply is abundant, the merchants compete to sell, and the price may become cheaper; if the supply is scarce, there are many applicants and few suppliers, the price must rise. The difficulty of production is also the main reason. If the production of this ethylene requires complex methods and heavy capital, the price will be high; if the method is simple and costly, the price may be flat. And when the market demand is strong, everyone will compete to buy, and the price will increase; if the demand is weak, the business wants to sell quickly, and the price may drop.
However, if we take the usual situation and the supply and demand are relatively even, the price may be between a few yuan per gram and a few tens of yuan. However, this is only an idea, and the actual price should be subject to the real-time situation in the market. The market conditions are ever-changing, and we should not be limited by what we say.
