2-Chloropyrazine

Mercury is a highly toxic substance, and its uses involve many dangers. According to the "Tiangong Kaiwu", the main uses of mercury are one for alchemy, two for making cinnabar, and three for gilting and other processes.
In the matter of alchemy, ancient alchemists believed that mercury can be refined into a miraculous elixir, which can prolong life, or even become immortal. For example, Taoist figures such as Ge Hong, whose alchemy writings often mention the use of mercury. Using cinnabar as raw material, after complex refining processes, it is hoped to extract the essence of mercury, but this behavior is extremely harmful, and many emperors are at a loss due to taking mercury-containing elixirs.
In the production of cinnabar, mercury and sulfur combine to obtain cinnabar. Cinnabar has a bright color and is used in both pigments and medicinal fields. In painting, ceramic coloring, etc., cinnabar has a wide range of uses, and its color does not fade for a long time. When used medicinally, cinnabar has a calming and calming effect. However, due to the toxicity of mercury, it has been used with caution today.
In the gilding process, mercury is an important medium. First, gold and mercury are made into gold amalgam, which is applied to the surface of the utensils. After heating, the mercury evaporates, and gold adheres to the utensils to form a gilt layer. This process can make the utensils look gorgeous and have a certain anti-corrosion effect. It is more common in the production of ancient court utensils, Buddha statues, etc.
However, it needs to be understood that mercury is highly toxic, easily volatilized in the air, enters the human body through the respiratory tract, and damages the nervous system, kidneys, etc. Although the ancients used mercury for various affairs, they did not fully understand its harm. Today, in view of its harm, many mercury-containing applications have been abandoned or strictly regulated.

Mercury is a metallic element. It is liquid at room temperature and pressure. Its many unique physical properties have made it popular and applied in ancient times, and it is also crucial in many processes described in "Tiangong Kaiwu".
Mercury is silvery white and metallic, just like flowing silver, shining under light. Its density is extremely high, about 13.59 times that of water, so it feels heavy to the touch. Such a high density makes mercury exhibit unique properties in many scenarios, such as in alchemy and other processes, which can be separated by its density difference.
Mercury has an extremely low melting point, only -38.87 ° C. It is liquid at room temperature and can flow freely, like a smart fluid. This property makes mercury play a key role in the production of mercury thermometers and other utensils, because it can flow with sensitive changes in temperature, accurately indicating the temperature.
Furthermore, the boiling point of mercury is 356.6 ° C, which is relatively low, and it is easy to vaporize when heated moderately. Mercury vapor is colorless and odorless, but it is toxic. This property needs to be treated with caution in some ancient smelting processes, because mercury vapor can easily cause poisoning in artisans.
Mercury has excellent fluidity, low internal friction, and smooth flow. This excellent fluidity allows it to quickly contact and mix with other substances in many chemical experiments and process operations, promoting the reaction.
In addition, mercury has good electrical conductivity. Although it is inferior to metals such as copper and silver, it also has unique value in specific electrical application scenarios. In some devices that require liquid conductors, the conductivity of mercury is combined with liquid fluidity to play a special role.
Mercury has unique physical properties and is widely used in ancient production and life, process production, etc. However, due to its toxicity, it should be used with caution to avoid harming human health and the environment.

Mercury is very flexible and fickle. It belongs to the genus of metals. It is liquid at room temperature and shines with silver-white light, just like flowing silver, so it is also known as "mercury".
It is soft, slippery to the touch, and has a high density. It is placed in the palm of your hand and can fall if you want. Mercury is volatile and can quietly dissipate in the air, turning into invisible mercury vapor. This vapor is highly toxic. If inhaled, it will harm human health and damage the nervous system, kidneys and other organs.
Mercury's chemical activity is also unique. It can dissolve with many metals to form amalgam, just like an alloy that blends seamlessly. In case of sulphur, mercury quickly combines with it to form mercury sulfide. This reaction is often used to deal with mercury leakage. And under heating conditions, mercury can combine with oxygen to form mercury oxide, which is red in color. The ancients often used it as a material for alchemy, but they did not know its toxicity. Most of them were caused by taking mercury-containing medicinal pills.
In acid and alkali, mercury also has different manifestations. In case of oxidizing strong acids, such as nitric acid, mercury can react with it to form mercury nitrate, accompanied by the escape of reddish-brown nitrogen dioxide gas, which is quite strange.
The chemical properties of mercury are unique and complex. In the understanding of the ancients, it was often regarded as a god or a distant thing because of its strange form and variable reactions. Today, we are well aware of its toxic hazards, and we need to be cautious when using it to prevent it from escaping and causing harm. However, we also make good use of its characteristics to play a role in many fields such as chemical engineering and instrumentation.

There are many methods of mercury, and they are described in ancient methods today.
One of them is the method of dansha. For dansha, mercury sulfide is also used. Take dansha and put it in a dense container and calcine it with fire. The dansha is decomposed by heat. The opposite principle is that when mercury sulfide (HgS) encounters high heat, sulfur and mercury are separated. Sulfur is burned and sulfur dioxide (SO ²) escapes. Mercury is evaporated, and mercury is condensed when cold. This is a method commonly used in ancient times. For example, Ge Hong's "Baopuzi" also has a phase. "The formation of water from dansha", that is, this is the reason.
The second method is the method of mercury roasting. If mercury is obtained, break it first and make it smaller. The mercury compounds in the mercury are decomposed, and the mercury is evaporated and released, and the mercury is condensed and stored in a medium-cold solution. The mercury produced, or containing, can be obtained by further methods, such as steaming, etc.
The third method is to use gold and original mercury compounds. Active gold, such as gold, etc., and mercury compounds, such as mercury oxide (HgO), etc., are co-located in a suitable environment. Gold can be released from mercury and its compounds, because the gold activity is different from mercury. The opposite formula, such as Fe + HgO → FeO + Hg. The above method is the ancient method of synthesizing mercury. The ancients' wisdom has been explored in the field of transformation, laying a certain foundation for the development of the world.

It is also a new and novel weapon. Use it to pay attention to all kinds of things.
The first thing is to pay attention to safety. This device has great power. If there is a slight error, it will cause immediate damage. If it is not stored, it must be remote, dry and well-connected, and the source of fire and crowds will be destroyed. Its storage capacity is flammable and high. In case of an open flame or fire, it will explode instantly, and the damage will be great. If it is not used, it is also necessary to be careful to fix its position to prevent its shock and collision, so as not to cause leakage.
Check its performance again. Before each use, check its secrecy. If there is any leakage, the efficiency will be high, and the risk will be increased. Shoot it, protect it, and the problem of stuck. In this way, it is guaranteed to be effective in the long term.
Furthermore, those who operate it must be well-versed. Deep knowledge of its principles and usage, familiar with the operation. If you want to use it, you can set the right conditions and act according to the right conditions. Don't panic. No, if you have a good tool, you will also have its prestige.
Also pay attention to the environment. There are implications in the direction, speed, and degree. The big problem is easy to be biased, and the high or low speed is also dry depending on its performance. Use it well, observe the environment, and weigh the advantages and disadvantages.
Therefore, the use of guns, safety requirements, performance requirements, management skills, environment, and everything are important, so that you can do good things and make great efforts to be comprehensive.